【摘要】 驯化物种稻子或亚洲水稻从大约9,000年前开始进化，从中国和印度的起源中心随后扩散到整个旧大陆（在新大陆的历史时期也是如此）。该物种是世界上主要的驯化作物之一，已成为研究驯化物种的起源和传播以及分析驯化植物变异遗传基础的典范。考古材料对于了解水稻在整个亚洲的起源和传播至关重要，但分子信息也为研究该物种的进化动力提供了一种补充。一个物种的进化史会在其基因组中留下痕迹。此外，遗传学研究还能让我们研究那些没有留下考古记录的性状史——例如稻米糯性或开花的时间——这能让我们深入了解物种是如何被不同文化所采纳的。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了几项有关亚洲稻起源和扩散的分子研究，并探讨了这些遗传研究在我们了解驯化物种的进化方面所取得的进展。我们还讨论了考古材料如何提供有助于完善驯化物种起源和传播遗传模型的重要见解。更多还原

【Abstract】 The domesticated species Oryza sativa or Asian rice evolved staring approximately 9,000 years ago and from its centers of origin in China and India has subsequently spread throughout the Old World(and in historical times in the New World as well).This species is one of the key domesticated crop plants in the world and has emerged as a model for studying the origins and spread of domesticated taxa as well as in investigating the genetic basis for plant variation under domestication.Archaeological data has been critical in dissecting the origins and spread of rice throughout Asia,but molecular information has also provided a complementary approach to examing the evolutionary dynamics of this species.The evolutionary history of a species can leave its footprints within its genome.Moreover,genetic studies allow us to study the history of traits that do not leave an archaeological record—for example,grain stickiness or flowering time —which can provide insights into how crop species are adopted by different cultures.In this review,several molecular studies into the origin and spread of Asian rice are discussed and we explore the advances these genetic studies offer in our understanding of the evolution of domes ticated species.We also discuss how archaeological data can provide critical insights that can help refine genetic models of the origin and spread of domesticated species.更多还原