【摘要】 为有效筛选优异抗旱小麦种质，以163份小麦种质资源为材料，对其高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组成、萌发期和苗期的抗旱性进行分析，筛选优质抗旱种质资源，并对优质抗旱种质资源的已知功能基因/位点进行检测。结果表明，供试材料中鉴定出包含优质面条亚基组合1/7+8/5+10和N/14+15/2+12的材料分别有11和1份，包含优质馒头亚基组合1/7+9/5+10和N/7+8/2+12的材料分别有5和53份。将萌发期和苗期抗旱性综合评价结果联合后，发现有14份抗旱性强的小麦种质。此外，结合14份抗旱种质的HMW-GS鉴定结果最终筛选出9份优质抗旱种质资源，分别为中41-42、陇育5号、陇麦079、兰天31号、92-47、绵麦367、西科麦531号、铜麦3号和临旱5322。经检测，9份优质抗旱材料均含有提高粒重基因以及抗赤霉病、条锈病和叶锈病的基因/位点，6份材料含有提高多酚氧化酶活性的基因Ppo2-D1,6份材料含有半矮化基因RHT-8，仅陇麦079含有抗旱基因TaSINA-2。以上结果为小麦育种提供了优异种质资源与必要的理论支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to efficiently carry out the screening of excellent wheat germplasms, a total of 163 wheat germplasms were used as materials to analyze their high molecular weight glutenin subunit composition(HMW-GS), drought resistance during germination and seedling stages,and high-quality drought resistant germplasms were slected. Known functional genes/loci of high-quality drought resistant germplasm resources were detected. The results showed that among the tested materials, 11 and 1 germplasms were identified to contain the combination 1/7+8/5+10and N/14+15/2+12 of high-quality noodle, and 5 and 53 were identified to contain the combination 1/7+9/5+10 and N/7+8/2+12 of high-quality steamed bun subunits, respectively. After combining the comprehensive evaluation resuits of drought resistance during the germination and seedling stages, a total of 14 wheat germplasms with strong drought resistance were identified. In addition, based on the HMW-GS identification results of these 14 droughtresistant germplasms, 9 high-quality drought resistant germplasms were ultimately selected, namely Zhong 41-42, Longyu 5, Longmai 079, Lantian 31, 92-47, Mianmai 367, Xikemai 531, Tongmai 3 and Linhan 5322. After testing, these 9 high-quality drought resistant materials contained genes/loci that increase grain weight and resistance to Fusarium head blight, stripe rust and leaf rust. 6 germplasms contained gene Ppo2-D1 that enhanced polyphenol oxidase activity. 6 germplasms contained the semi-dwarf gene RHT-8, and only Longmai 079 contained drought resistant gene TaSINA-2. The above results provide excellent germplasms and necessary theoretical support for wheat breeding.更多还原