【摘要】 人工智能技术已成为提升企业新质生产力的关键引擎。基于中国2012—2022年A股制造业上市公司数据，实证分析了人工智能对企业全要素生产率的影响及作用机制。结果表明，人工智能提升了企业全要素生产率。进一步分析发现，人工智能通过降低企业战略差异度、加速数字化转型和降低企业管理成本的方式提升企业全要素生产率。因此，企业要协同战略导向、技术实施和内部治理，疏通人工智能影响企业生产效率的多个渠道，以全方位吸收技术效应。异质性分析发现，以下因素均影响人工智能对企业全要素生产率的转化，分别为：股权集中度、分析师关注度、行业竞争程度、企业所处的地理位置、地区市场化水平、城市规模。研究结论为人工智能技术与制造优势的融合及企业提质增效提供了理论基础和经验证据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Artificial intelligence technology has become a key engine to enhance the new productivity of enterprises. This paper employs data for Chinese A-share listed companies in the manufacturing industry from 2012 to 2022 to empirically analyze the impact of artificial intelligence on enterprises’ total factor productivity and the mechanism for this effect. The results show that artificial intelligence has improved the total factor productivity of enterprises. Further analysis shows that artificial intelligence improves total factor productivity by reducing the extent of strategic differences, accelerating digital transformation, and reducing the cost of enterprise management. Therefore, enterprises should coordinate their strategic orientation, implementation of technology, and internal governance to create multiple channels by which artificial intelligence can impact enterprise production efficiency in such a way as to fully absorb the effect of that technology. The heterogeneity analyses show that these factors all affect the transformation of artificial intelligence into total factor productivity of enterprises: ownership concentration, analyst attention, industry competition, geographical location of enterprises, regional marketization level and urban scale. The study provides theoretical insights and empirical evidence for integrating artificial intelligence technology and manufacturing advantages to improve the quality and efficiency of enterprises.更多还原