【摘要】 黑色素是一类广泛存在于生物体中的天然色素，具有多种特殊功能。本研究从南海鸢乌贼（Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis）的副产物墨汁中提取黑色素，系统探讨其提取工艺、理化特性与生物活性，旨在为鸢乌贼墨汁黑色素的制备及应用提供参考。研究选取吸光度作为响应值进行响应面分析，优化了酶解提取黑色素制备工艺，通过紫外、红外光谱，溶解性，光、热稳定性研究了其理化特性，并测量了其光保护作用和抗氧化作用等生物活性。结果表明，鸢乌贼黑色素在紫外区域218 nm处有特征吸收峰，酶解制备鸢乌贼墨汁黑色素的最优工艺为：胃蛋白酶添加量5 700 U·g^-1、pH 2.0、酶解温度45℃、酶解时间4 h。红外光谱分析表明，鸢乌贼墨汁黑色素的主体结构为吲哚环，其可溶于碱性溶液但不溶于有机溶剂和水，在高温、自然光和紫外光条件下易分解，但具有较好的紫外辐射保护作用和抗脂质过氧化作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Melanin is a type of natural pigment widely found in organisms and possesses various special functions. In this study, melanin was extracted from the ink of purpleback squid（Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis） by-product in the South China Sea,and its extraction process, physicochemical properties, and biological activities were systematically investigated to provide a reference for the preparation and application of this melanin. The preparation process, including enzymatic hydrolysis and extraction of melanin, was optimized. Its physical and chemical properties were investigated using UV, IR, solubility, and light and thermal stability tests. Additionally, its biological activities, such as photoprotection and antioxidant activity, were measured.The results show that the melanin from iris sepia ink exhibited a characteristic absorption peak at 218 nm in the UV region. The optimal conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis of iris sepia ink melanin were as follows: pH 2, pepsin dosage 5 700 U·g^-1, hydrolysis temperature 45 ℃, and hydrolysis time 4 h. The infrared spectrum indicates that the main structure of S. oualaniensis ink melanin was an indole ring. This melanin was soluble in alkaline solutions but insoluble in organic solvents and water. It was prone to decomposition under high-temperature, natural light, and UV light conditions. However, melanin exhibited better protective effects against ultraviolet radiation and lipid peroxidation.更多还原