【摘要】 鱼卵及仔稚鱼是海洋生态系统的重要组成部分，其丰度和分布格局直接影响鱼类种群的更新与数量变动，是评估渔业资源可持续发展潜力的重要生态指标。为阐明近岸海域鱼类早期生活史阶段的栖息地选择机制，本研究基于2022年夏季的群落调查数据，探究了雷州半岛东部海域鱼卵及仔稚鱼的群落结构特征及其与主要环境因子的关系。调查共鉴定鱼卵25种，隶属于5目12科17属；仔稚鱼14种，隶属于3目11科11属。空间分布特征分析显示，鉴江河口海域的鱼卵平均丰度[（40.84±16.47）粒·m^-3]显著高于雷州湾海域[（10.34±7.44）粒·m^-3]（p<0.05）。类群组成方面，鉴江河口以鲾科、舌鳎科和鳀科为主，雷州湾则以鲱科、鲾科和鳀科为主；两海域的仔稚鱼丰度差异不显著，鉴江河口的仔稚鱼丰度略高，优势类群为鳀科和鱚科，雷州湾则以鳀科、鲱科和鱚科为主导类群；鱼类早期资源结构呈向小型化、短生命周期种类转变的趋势。多元统计分析结果表明，营养盐、海水表层温度、盐度、叶绿素a及悬浮物浓度是影响该海域鱼卵及仔稚鱼群落结构空间差异的主要环境因子，且不同海域的主导影响因子存在差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fish eggs and larvae are the crucial components of marine ecosystems, and their abundance and distribution patterns influence the fish population recruitment and dynamics directly, so they are important ecological indicators for assessing the sustainability of fishery resources. To elucidate the habitat selection mechanisms of fish at early-life history stages in coastal waters, we investigated the community structure characteristics of fish eggs and larvae and their relationships with key environmental factors in the eastern waters of the Leizhou Peninsula, based on community survey data collected during summer in2022. A total of 25 fish egg species were identified, belonging to 5 orders, 12 families and 17 genera, while 14 larval species were identified, being classified into 3 orders, 11 families and 11 genera. Spatial distribution analysis reveals that the average abundance of fish eggs in the Jianjiang Estuary [（40.84±16.47） ind·m^-3] was significantly higher than that in the Leizhou Bay[（10.34±7.44） ind·m^-3]（p<0.05）. In terms of community composition, Clupeidae, Leiognathidae and Engraulidae were dominant in the Leizhou Bay, whereas Leiognathidae, Cynoglossidae and Engraulidae were predominant in the Jianjiang Estuary.Although the differences in larval fish abundance between the two regions were not statistically significant, the estuary exhibited slightly higher values, with Engraulidae and Sillaginidae as dominant groups. In contrast, the Leizhou Bay was mainly dominated by Engraulidae, Clupeidae and Sillaginidae. The structure of fish early-life resources demonstrates a shift toward smallersized and short-lived species. Multivariate statistical analyses indicate that nutrients, water temperature, salinity, chlorophyll-a concentration and suspended particulate matter were the key environmental factors influencing the spatial variation of fish eggs and larvae communities in the survey area. Moreover, the dominant environmental variables varied between the two regions.更多还原