【摘要】 因地制宜选择区域创新的技术路径，不仅是协调科技创新供给与产业发展需求的有效策略，也是发展新质生产力的必然要求。基于2001—2021年中国城市和产业创新能力指数的事实分析表明，大城市在高技术产业领域追求技术专业化，中小城市在特定产业领域实现技术专业化是近年来区域创新的两种主要技术路径。文章利用2007—2016年企业税收调查数据，实证检验了区域创新的技术路径对制造业企业的经济效应。研究发现，区域技术专业化能显著提升制造业特别是高技术制造业企业的全要素生产率。促进企业降本增效、转换区域新旧发展动能和深化区域产业分工是这一提升作用的内在机制。文章通过构建技术专业化/多样化的新测度指标，解释了区域创新路径的新事实，为区域创新发展提供新启示。各地区应立足资源禀赋，加快明确产业定位，构建优势互补与协调发展的区域创新分工格局。更多还原

【Abstract】 Tailoring regional innovation pathways to local conditions is not only an effective strategy for aligning scientific and technological innovation with industrial development needs, but also an essential requirement for fostering new quality productive forces. Fact-based analysis of China’s urban and industrial innovation capability indices(2001-2021) reveals two dominant technological pathways in recent regional innovation: large cities pursuing technological specialization in high-tech industries, and small-medium cities achieving specialization in specific industrial sectors. Using firm-level tax survey data(2007-2016), this study empirically examines the economic effects of regional innovation pathways on manufacturing firms.The findings demonstrate that concentrating innovation resources in highly interrelated industrial sectors(i.e., regional technological specialization) significantly enhances total factor productivity(TFP) in manufacturing firms, particularly high-tech manufacturers. The underlying mechanisms include cost reduction and efficiency gains for firms, revitalizing regional development dynamics, and deepening industrial specialization across regions. By constructing novel metrics for technological specialization/diversification, this study uncovers new characteristics of regional innovation pathways, offering insights for regional innovation strategies. Regions should expedite industrial positioning based on their resource endowments, fostering a coordinated and complementary division of labor in regional innovation.更多还原