【摘要】 黑龙江省黑土区是我国重要的商品粮基地，其可持续发展直接关系到国家粮食安全和生态安全。然而，在长期高强度利用和系统性保护滞后的双重作用下，该区域正面临土壤退化、生态功能弱化的严峻挑战。传统的“用养结合”模式在实践中存在自然条件约束与高产目标难协调、规模化经营模式与精细化养护措施相排斥、土地经营权短期化制约长期投入、宏观保护政策与微观情境存在偏差、以及针对性技术与产业支持不足等多重梗阻。这些因素相互交织，共同导致了黑土地保护陷入“口号易提、实效难达”的实施困境。对此，系统构建以智能技术体系为核心突破、以长效经营机制为关键支撑、以精准治理体系为根本保障的“用养结合”新范式，不仅为破解黑土地保护困局提供了现实路径，更对筑牢国家粮食安全根基、推动农业可持续高质量发展具有重要战略意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The black soil region in Heilongjiang Province serves as a core commodity grain base in China, and its sustainable development is inherently tied to national food security and ecological security. However, under the dual pressures of long-term high-intensity cultivation and lagging systematic protection, the region is confronting acute challenges such as soil degradation and diminished ecological functions. The traditional "integration of utilization and conservation" model is constrained by multiple practical obstacles: misalignment between natural condition constraints and high-yield targets, incompatibility between large-scale operation models and precision conservation measures, short-term land management rights hindering long-term investment, gaps between macro-level protection policies and micro-level contextual realities, and insufficient targeted technological and industrial support. These intertwined factors have collectively trapped black soil protection in an implementation dilemma where "slogans are easy to propose, but tangible results are hard to achieve." To address this, systematically constructing a new paradigm of "integration of utilization and conservation" —with an intelligent technology system as the core breakthrough, a long-term operation mechanism as the key support, and a precision governance system as the fundamental guarantee—not only provides a practical pathway to resolve the predicament of black soil protection but also holds strategic significance for consolidating the foundation of national food security and advancing sustainable, high-quality agricultural development.更多还原