【摘要】 莫高窟第365窟，又被称作“七佛堂”。窟内新发现的西夏文题记位于后甬道西壁，是目前所知莫高窟体量最大的一则西夏文题记。该题记书写于西夏崇宗乾顺天仪治平三年(1088),记述了嵬名惠能率众来莫高窟的一次隆重的烧香发愿活动。文章释读了题记的第一部分，指出这次烧香礼佛活动是在惠宗和崇宗时期两位太后崇奉佛教的大背景下进行的，与此前学界推测的第365窟及与其连成一体的第366、16窟三窟表层壁画的重绘时间正好契合，可推测此次烧香活动对三窟壁画进行了清沙和重绘。该三窟施彩的主色调与莫高窟第65窟、金塔寺石窟等西夏重绘壁画风格高度一致。由于这一时期主持和参与译经的白智光、花法明、曹广智等是与粟特、回鹘、归义军曹氏等敦煌望族有着密切关系的佛教上层人物，因此其佛像和壁画的“镕塑彩绘”风格与回鹘和归义军时期极其相近。同时，文章还进一步推测藏经洞的封闭时间当在西夏天仪治平三年之前。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cave 365 of Mogao Grottoes is also known as "Seven Buddha Hall".The newly discovered Tangut inscription is located is on its west wall of the back corridor and is the largest Tangut inscription founded in Mogao Caves to date.This inscription,dating to the third year of Tianyi Zhiping 天仪治平 reign(1088) under Emperor Chongzong 崇宗 of Xixia(Qianshun),described a grand incense-burning and vow-making activity led by Weiming Huineng 嵬名惠能 at the Mogao Grottoes.This article interprets the first part of the inscription,arguing that this activity of burning incense and worshiping Buddha was held in the context of heightened Buddhist devotion by two Imperial Dowagers during the reigns of Emperors Huizong 惠宗 and Chongzong.This ceremonial event aligns chronologically with previously hypothesized repainting of surface murals in Cave 365 and its linked caves,Cave366 and Cave 16.The dominating color palette of these three caves closely resemble those of Xixia-era repainted murals,such as those in Cave 65 of the Mogao Caves and the Grottoes of the Golden Pagoda Temple 金塔寺.As the prominent Buddhist figures during this period,such as Bai Zhiguang 白智光,Hua Faming 花法明,and Cao Guangzhi 曹广智,etc., who presided over and participated in the translation of the scriptures,maintained close relationship withs Sogdians,Uighurs,the Guiyi Army Cao 归义军曹氏,and other distinguished family in Dunhuang,the artistic style of those Buddha statues and murals is very similar to that of the Uighurs and Guiyi period.Furthermore,this article tentatively speculates that the sealing of the cave of the scriptures occurred prior to 1088.更多还原