【摘要】 全断面隧道掘进机（Tunnel Boring Machine,TBM）在煤矿巷道掘进穿越断层破碎带时，极易发生卡机现象，严重制约TBM的掘进速度和适应性。为了解决这个问题，基于首山一矿TBM穿越断层破碎带时的岩机交互数据，通过对有效掘进循环大量数据的筛选，以及对正常掘进循环各个阶段的识别划分，结合TBM岩机数据融合的围岩分级方法，分析了TBM在进入断层前、断层中的主要掘进参量变化规律及巷道破坏现象，揭示了断层破碎带卡机致灾机理，提出了TBM在煤矿巷道施工穿越断层破碎带时的灾害防治措施。结果表明：TBM在临近断层交界面时，施工速度急剧下降，以较低的推进速度和较高的保前盾压力持续在断层区域掘进。当刀盘全部进入断层面后，保前盾压力上升至最大值，拱顶上方围岩出现大范围坍塌，大量破碎岩体涌入盾体，在刀盘和护盾上方形成筒仓式塌落腔。这些问题影响了TBM的掘进效率，也对其结构稳定性构成了严重威胁，最终导致了卡机灾害的发生。因此，TBM在煤系地层穿越断层破碎带，要做好对前方岩体信息的超前地质预报，同时，在TBM刀盘前方配置超前围岩加固设备，如精准注浆装置、超前小导管打设装置等，通过对破碎岩体的加固，间接提高围岩参数，保证TBM稳定穿越断层破碎带。更多还原

【Abstract】 When the fault fracture zones in coal mine roadways is excavated by tunnel boring machine(TBM), the machine is prone to jamming, which seriously restricts the excavation speed and adaptability of the TBM. In order to solve this problem, based on the rock-machine interaction data of the fault fracture zone excavated by TBM in Shoushan No.1 coal mine roadway, screening of large amounts of data for effective excavation-cycles, identification and division of each stage of the normal excavation-cycle, combined with the surrounding rock classification method of TBM rock-machine data fusion, the main excavation parameters changes and roadway damage phenomena of TBM before and during excavation in the fault are analyzed. The mechanism of machine jamming and disaster in fault fracture zone is revealed, and the disaster prevention and control measures of TBM in the coal mine roadway construction crossing the fault fracture zone are proposed. The results indicate that when the TBM is close to the fault interface, the construction speed sharply decreases, and it continues to excavate in the fault fracture zone with lower advancing speed and higher protection front shield pressure. When the cutterhead are fully in the fault plane, the pressure of the protection front shield rises to the maximum value, and the large-scale collapse of surrounding rock above the roadway arch, a large amount of broken rock mass rushes into the shield body, forming a silo-type collapse cavity above the cutterhead and shield. These problems not only affect the efficiency of TBM excavation, but also pose a serious threat to its structural stability, which eventually leads to the occurrence of jamming disaster. Therefore, when TBM passes through the fault fracture zone in the coal-bearing strata, it is necessary to make advance geological information prediction of the rock mass. At the same time, advanced surrounding rock reinforcement equipment is configured in front of the TBM cutterhead, such as precise grouting equipment, advanced small pipe installation equipment, etc.Through the reinforcement of the broken rock mass, the surrounding rock parameters are indirectly improved to ensure that TBM passes through the fault fracture zone stably.更多还原