【摘要】 [目的]探究12个文冠果油用品种在兰州引种的结果表现和果实表型性状特征，为生产选择丰产品种提供参考。[方法]利用方差分析、相关分析和聚类分析等方法研究不同品种间的果实性状差异和联系。[结果]12个品种在兰州均挂果，且修剪顶芽后都有侧花序大量结果，品种间丰产性差异明显，‘中石1号’、‘中石4号’、‘中石9号’和‘森淼文冠果’4个品种在兰州结果多、产量高，且‘森淼文冠果’和‘中石4号’及‘冠红’3个品种在兰州的果实质量综合表现好。19个果实数量性状在不同品种间差异均显著，且在不同品种间和同一品种不同个体之间存在一定变异，品种间的变异大于品种内的变异，其中单株结果量和单株种子产量在品种间变异系数最大(均超50%)，其次是单果质量和种质量(均超20%)，种子干鲜比和种仁含油量变异最小(约4%)。19个果实性状的相关性强弱不一且差异明显，其中单果质量、果实大小、种质量、种子大小、出种数、出种率和结果量的相关性强，与一半及以上性状呈显著相关，而心室数、果柄长、单株种子产量、种子干鲜比、出仁率和种仁含油量相关性弱，仅与少量性状甚至无性状呈显著相关。聚类分析将12个品种划分为3类，分别为小果小种型、中大果中种型和中大果大种型。[结论]引进品种的果实表型性状和单株产量差异显著，中石系列品种和‘森淼文冠果’结果表现好、丰产性强，为其在甘肃栽培推广提供了有益信息。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] This study investigated the fruiting performance and fruit phenotypic characteristics of 12 introduced oil-producing varieties of Xanthoceras sorbifolium in Lanzhou, Gansu Province, to provide a scientific basis for selecting high-yield cultivars. [Method] A total of 19 fruit traits were assessed across the 12 varieties using variance analysis, correlation analysis and cluster analysis to evaluate inter-varietal differences and trait relationships. [Result] All 12 varieties began fruiting in the second year after introduction. Notably, after apical bud pruning, abundant lateral inflorescence fruiting was observed across the test site. Significant differences were found in fruit and seed yield among varieties. ‘Zhongshi 1’, ‘Zhongshi 4’,‘Zhongshi 9’, and ‘Senmiao’ exhibited higher seed yields and stronger fruiting capacities. In terms of overall fruit quality, ‘Senmiao’, ‘Zhongshi 4’, and ‘Guanhong’ performed best under the conditions in Lanzhou.The tested 19 quantitative fruit traits showed significant differences among 12 varieties, with trait variation among varieties generally greater than that within varieties. Among these traits, fruit number and seed yield exhibited the highest coefficients of variation(>50%), followed by fruit weight and seed weight(>20%). In contrast, seed dry-to-fresh weight ratio and kernel oil content showed the least variation(～4%).Correlation analysis revealed varying degrees of association among traits. Traits such as fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, seed weight, seed length, seed width, seed number per fruit, seed ratio of fruit and fruit number per plant exhibited strong correlations with over half of the measured traits. In contrast, traits including locule number, fruit stalk length, total seed yield, seed dry-to-fresh ratio, kernel-to-seed ratio, and kernel oil yield showed weak or few significant correlations. Cluster analysis grouped the 12 varieties into three distinct types:(1) small fruit & small seed type,(2) medium to large fruit & medium seed type, and(3) medium to large fruit & large seed type. [Conclusion] The introduced X. sorbifolium varieties exhibited significant variation in fruit phenotypic traits and seed yield. Varieties from the ‘Zhongshi’ series and ‘Senmiao Yellowhorn’ demonstrated strong fruiting performance and yield potential, providing valuable reference material for cultivation and regional promotion in Gansu Province.更多还原