【摘要】 煤层开采后引起的采动应力集中通常是导致冲击矿压、煤与瓦斯突出等动力灾害发生的内在根源。采动应力的变化主要受到工作面覆岩结构、开采条件等因素影响，获取开采区域的精准地层柱状信息是研究采动应力演化规律的重要前提。目前在对采动应力演化进行研究时，对地质柱状分析多采用均化处理或仅关注局部柱状，未能充分考虑全地层范围内的地质柱状差异对采动应力演化产生的影响。基于关键层理论与全柱状学术思想，分析非均匀采高、非均匀主关键层等特殊地质柱状条件下的采动应力演化规律。运用三维离散元模拟软件(3DEC)分别建立了4个不同工作面采高、4个不同主关键层厚度的非均匀柱状数值模型，模拟结果表明非均匀柱状差异会导致显著的采动应力集中现象，且非均匀主关键层厚度变化产生的影响程度更为明显。结合现场某工程案例进行分析，在25个勘探钻孔的地质信息基础上建立了大尺度范围内的全地层三维地质模型，发现在该开采区域的大巷煤柱上方存在非均匀巨厚主关键层，通过对比模拟发现非均匀主关键层较均匀主关键层条件下产生了高达23.5 MPa的静载荷，从而揭示了其现场发生冲击地压事故的内在机理。研究成果对揭示煤矿动力灾害发生机理具有良好的指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Mining-induced stress concentration following coal seam extraction is often the intrinsic cause of dynamic disasters such as rockbursts and coal and gas outbursts. The variation in mining-induced stress is primarily influenced by factors such as the overlying strata structure and mining conditions of the working face. Obtaining accurate stratigraphic column information in the mining area is a crucial prerequisite for studying the evolution of mining-induced stress. Current research on mining-induced stress evolution often homogenizes geological columns or focuses only on localized sections, failing to fully account for the impact of variations across the full-stratum geological column on stress evolution.Based on key stratum theory and the full-stratum academic concept, the evolution of mining-induced stress under special geological column conditions, such as non-uniform mining height and non-uniform main key strata, is analyzed. Using the Three-Dimensional Distinct Element Code(3 DEC) modeling software, four numerical models with different working face mining heights and four with different main key stratum thicknesses were established to simulate non-uniform column conditions. The simulation results indicate that non-uniform column differences lead to significant mining-induced stress concentration, with the variation in non-uniform main key stratum thickness having a more pronounced effect. Combined with a field engineering case analysis, a large-scale 3D geological model of the full strata was developed based on geological data from 25 exploration boreholes. It was found that a non-uniform, ultra-thick main key stratum exists above the panel main roadway pillar in the mining area. Comparative simulations revealed that the non-uniform main key stratum generated a static load as high as 23.5 MPa compared to the uniform condition, thereby elucidating the intrinsic mechanism behind the rockburst accident at the site. The research findings provide valuable guidance for understanding the mechanisms of dynamic disasters in coal mines.更多还原