【摘要】 抗原蛋白、蛋白酶抑制剂、凝集素和脲酶等为植物性日粮中主要的蛋白类抗营养因子，它们以不同形式或方式影响日粮营养成分的消化吸收，进而导致畜禽动物生长性能不佳或健康受损，制约植物性日粮的有效利用。蛋白酶是一类可作用于蛋白质类物质将其降解为多肽、小肽或氨基酸的酶系，但在生产过程中的某些特殊时期（幼龄或哺乳），动物体内蛋白酶分泌不足，日粮中外源添加蛋白酶可有效降解大分子蛋白及消除蛋白类抗营养因子作用，提高日粮养分吸收利用率、动物生长性能及产品质量，从而改善养殖经济效益。文章总结了蛋白酶的作用机制、酶学特性及分类，并阐述了蛋白酶在动物生产中的实际应用现状，以期为蛋白酶作为新型饲料添加剂的高效使用提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Antigenic proteins, protease inhibitors, lectins, and urease are the main protein-based anti-nutritional factors in plant-based diets. They affect the digestion and absorption of dietary nutrients in various forms or ways, leading to poor growth performance or impaired health in livestock and poultry, thereby limiting the efficient utilization of plant-based diets. Proteases are a class of enzymes that act on proteinaceous substances, degrading them into polypeptides, small peptides, or amino acids. However, during certain specific periods in the production process(such as the early or lactation stages), the secretion of proteases in animals is insufficient. The exogenous addition of proteases to the diet can effectively degrade large molecular proteins, eliminate the effects of protein-based anti-nutritional factors, improve the absorption and utilization of dietary nutrients, enhance animal growth performance and product quality, and thereby improve the economic benefits of farming. This article summarizes the mechanism of action, enzymatic characteristics, and classification of proteases, and elaborates on the current practical application of proteases in animal production, with the aim of providing a reference for the efficient use of proteases as novel feed additives.更多还原