【摘要】 目的 了解青海高原城市和农村老年人高血压患病现状，分析相关影响因素，为有针对性地制定城区和农村老年人高血压的防控措施提供数据依据。方法 采用整群随机抽样调查青海省西宁市8个城区和25个自然村≥60岁老年人1372例，进行问卷调查，收集个人资料、体质量指数、慢性病史以及血脂等资料，根据是否患有高血压分为高血压组615例和非高血压组757例。采用SPSS 26.0软件对数据进行描述性分析和多因素非条件logistic回归分析。结果 在1372例老年人中，高血压患者615例，高血压患病率为44.8%,城区和农村患病率分别为50.1%和38.5%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);两组年龄、婚姻状况、体质量、冠心病、糖尿病、脑卒中比例比较，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。城区两组婚姻状况、体质量、冠心病、糖尿病比例比较，差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);农村两组年龄、冠心病、糖尿病比例比较，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。多因素非条件logistic回归显示，城区、肥胖、冠心病、糖尿病是城区和农村老年人高血压患病的危险因素(OR=1.622,95%CI:1.299～2.026,P=0.000;OR=0.564,95%CI:0.315～1.006,P=0.042;OR=0.604,95%CI:0.417～0.874,P=0.008;OR=0.472,95%CI:0.328～0.678,P=0.000;OR=0.474,95%CI:0.334～0.673,P=0.000)。肥胖、冠心病、糖尿病是城区老年人高血压患病的危险因素(OR=0.553,95%CI:0.317～0.963,P=0.036;OR=0.506,95%CI:0.320～0.800,P=0.004;OR=0.458,95%CI:0.303～0.692,P=0.000)。冠心病、糖尿病是农村老年人高血压患病的危险因素(OR=0.382,95%CI:0.219～0.666,P=0.001;OR=0.452,95%CI:0.253～0.807,P=0.007)。结论 青海高原城市和农村老年人高血压患病率差异较大，超重、肥胖以及伴有冠心病和糖尿病的老年人更容易患高血压病。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the current status of hypertension in the old adults living in urban city and rural areas in Qinghai Plateau and analyze the related influencing factors in order to provide data and evidence for targeted formulation of preventive and control measures for the population.Methods Cluster-random sampling was used to subject 1372 elderly people(aged ≥60 years) from 8 urban areas and 25 natural villages in Xining City, Qinghai Province.Questionnaires were used to collect their demographic data, body mass index(BMI),history of chronic diseases, and lipid-related indicators.According to complicated with hypertension or not, they were divided into a hypertension group(615 cases) and a non-hypertension group(757 cases).SPSS 26.0 software was employed to perform statistical analyses with descriptive analysis and multivarlate unconditional logistic regression analysis.Results Among the 1372 elderly persons, 615 participants had hypertension, and the overall prevalence was 44.8%,and that in urban area and rural area was 50.1% and 38.5%,respectively, with significant difference(P<0.01).Statistical differences were observed between those with and without hypertension in terms of age, BMI,and proportions of coronary heart disease(CHD),diabetes and stroke(P<0.05,P<0.01).In the urban populations, there were obvious differences in marital status, BMI,and proportions of CHD and diabetes between those with and without hypertension(P<0.01).For the rural populations, notable differences were observed in age and proportions of CHD and diabetes between those with and without hypertension(P<0.05,P<0.01).Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis revealed that urban areas, obesity, CHD and diabetes were risk factors for hypertension in the elderly living in the urban and rural areas(OR=1.622,95%CI:1.299-2.026,P=0.000;OR=0.564,95%CI:0.315-1.006,P=0.042;OR=0.604,95%CI:0.417-0.874,P=0.008;OR=0.472,95%CI:0.328-0.678,P=0.000;OR=0.474,95%CI:0.334-0.673,P=0.000).Obesity, CHD and diabetes were risk factors for hypertension in those in the urban areas(OR=0.553,95%CI:0.317-0.963,P=0.036;OR=0.506,95%CI:0.320-0.800,P=0.004;OR=0.458,95%CI:0.303-0.692,P=0.000),and CHD and diabetes were risk factors in those in the rural areas(OR=0.382,95%CI:0.219-0.666,P=0.001;OR=0.452,95%CI:0.253-0.807,P=0.007).Conclusion There is significant difference in the prevalence of hypertension between the elderly living in the urban city and rural areas in Qinghai Plateau.The old adults with overweight, obesity, and complication of CHD and diabetes are prone to developing hypertension.更多还原