【摘要】 为解决新疆油田稠油采出水水温变化导致处理效能不稳定的问题，采用生物膜法处理稠油采出水，在温度为28、35、42℃3个条件下，研究了微生物对污染物的去除效能，并采用16S rDNA高通量测序技术分析了微生物群落结构的特征.结果表明，当温度为28、35、42℃时，化学需氧量（chemical oxygen demand, COD）去除率分别为59.49%、65.93%、54.23%,氨氮（ammonianitrogen, NH⁺₄-N）去除率分别为93.83%、97.97%、83.55%,反应器能够适应28～42℃的运行条件.高通量测序结果表明，35℃下的微生物多样性和丰富度更高，主要的优势菌群有变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）和浮霉菌门（Planctomycetota）,是降解污染物的主要菌群.根据功能预测，不同温度下微生物群落具有对难降解物质的代谢能力，能够促进稠油采出水的生物降解.探讨了温度对微生物群落结构和多样性的影响，从微生物角度解释不同温度下反应器处理效能的差异.更多还原

【Abstract】 To solve the problem of unstable treatment efficiency caused by changes in water temperature of heavy oil production water in Xinjiang Oilfield, this experiment used biofilm method to treat heavy oil production water. The removal efficiency of microorganisms on pollutants was studied under three conditions of temperature of 28, 35, and 42 ℃, and the characteristics of microbial community structure were analyzed using 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that when the temperatures were 28, 35, and 42 ℃, the COD removal rates were 59.49%, 65.93%, and 54.23%, respectively, and the NH⁺₄-N removal rates were 93.83%, 97.97%, and 83.55%, respectively. The reactor was able to adapt to operating conditions of 28～42 ℃. The high-throughput sequencing results showed that the microbial diversity and richness were higher at 35 ℃, with the main dominant bacterial groups being Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Planctomycetes, which serve as the primary functional groups responsible for contaminant breakdown. According to functional predictions, microbial communities at different temperatures have the ability to metabolize recalcitrant substances, which can promote the biodegradation of heavy oil produced water. This experiment explores the effect of temperature on microbial community structure and diversity, and explains the differences in reactor treatment efficiency at different temperatures from a microbial perspective.更多还原