【摘要】 针对北方寒地冬季设施栽培环境特点，以筛选适宜品种和优化栽培技术为目标，选取‘伊莎贝拉’‘冰美人’‘艾琳娜’和‘艾莎’4个重瓣百合品种为试验材料，在沈阳地区41°48′N日光温室开展越冬栽培比较试验。通过系统观测物候期动态、生理形态特征及抗病性表现，揭示了不同品种在设施环境中的适应性差异。结果表明：物候特征方面，‘艾琳娜’完整生长周期为127 d，较‘冰美人’短15 d，表现出显著的相对早熟特性；抗病性差异显著，‘艾莎’对设施栽培叶烧病抗性最强（发病率6.54%），而‘冰美人’对灰霉病抗性突出（发病率1.03%）；综合经济性状分析显示，‘艾莎’兼具优异观赏品质（花径28.3 cm）与设施适应性（单花花期16 d），其植株形态整齐度较其他品种高23%～35%，特别适合北方日光温室冬季生产；‘冰美人’和‘伊莎贝拉’凭借花色独特（复色花瓣特征）和花期长（18～21 d）展现出差异化市场价值。研究突破了传统百合冬季栽培的技术瓶颈，为北纬40°以上地区发展反季节花卉生产提供了品种选择依据和栽培模式参考，对提升设施农业产值，优化冬季鲜切花市场供给结构具有重要实践意义，同时为重瓣百合种质创新利用开辟了新途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 In view of the characteristics of winter facility cultivation environment in cold northern regions, the four Roselily varieties of ’Isabella’, ’Ice Beauty’, ’Elena’, and ’Aisa’ were selected as experimental materials for the purpose of screening suitable varieties and optimizing cultivation techniques. A comparative experiment of overwintering cultivation was carried out in the solar greenhouse at Shenyang, 41° 48′N latitude. By systematically observing the dynamic of phenological period, physiological morphological characteristics, and disease resistance performance, the adaptive differences of different varieties in the facility environment were revealed. The results showed that in terms of phenological characteristics, ’Elena’ completed the complete growth cycle in 127 days, which was 15 days shorter than ’Ice Beauty’, showing a significant relative early maturity characteristic. There were significant differences in disease resistance. ’Aisa’ had the strongest resistance to leaf burn disease, which was a common disease in facility cultivation(the incidence rate was 6.54%), while ’Ice Beauty’ had outstanding resistance to gray mold(the incidence rate was 1.03%). The comprehensive economic trait analysis showed that ’Aisa’ had excellent ornamental quality(flower diameter of 28.3 cm) and facility adaptability(single flower period of 16 days). The uniformity of its plant morphology increased by 23%～35% compared with other varieties, which was particularly suitable for winter production in the solar greenhouse in the north. ’Ice Beauty’ and ’Isabella’ showed differentiated market value with their unique flower colors(mixed petals) and long flowering period(18～21 days). The research has broken through the technical bottleneck of winter cultivation of lilies, provided a basis for variety selection and a reference for cultivation mode for the development of off-season flower production in areas above 40° N latitude. It has important practical significance for increasing the output value of facility agriculture and optimizing the supply structure of winter fresh-cut flowers. At the same time, it has opened up new ways for the innovative use of Roselily germplasm..更多还原