【摘要】 县域城乡教师流动有助于缩小地域、城乡和学校之间的差距，推动基础教育均衡发展、实现教育公平这一国家层面的宏伟目标。20多年来，党和政府在不同时期出台了许多有关教师流动的政策，不断在制度和实践层面探索县域城乡教师流动机制，然而，城乡教师流动政策在实际落实的过程中却产生了一些不合理的问题：流动方向单一、流动人员结构单一、流动过程滋生腐败。县域城乡教师不合理流动，导致了乡村教师队伍质量下降、教师队伍稳定性降低和乡村地区生源外流，拉大了城乡教育差距。究其原因，主要是城乡二元结构影响深远，以及利益驱使和教师个人价值取向异化影响，再加之县域内城乡教师交流配套包括监督在内的相关机制不完善。构建城乡教师合理流动机制可以从建立科学的教师流动、健全教师交流保障、形成监督与问责的机制，以及重构乡村文化几个方面入手，确保城乡教育均衡发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 County-level urban-rural teacher mobility helps to narrow the objective gap between regions, between urban and rural areas and between schools, promoting balanced basic education development and achieving educational equity is an ambitious goal at the national level. Over the past20 years, the party and the government have issued many policies on teacher mobility in different periods. However, in the process of implementation of the policy, there are some problems of unreasonable mobility: the direction of mobility is single, the structure of floating personnel is single,and the process of mobility breeds corruption. The unreasonable flow of teachers in rural and urban areas leads to the decline of the quality of teachers in rural areas, the decrease of the stability of teachers in rural areas and the outflow of students from rural areas, which widens the educational gap between urban and rural areas. The main reasons are the far-reaching influence of urban-rural dual structure, the influence of interest-driven and the alienation of teachers’ personal value orientation, in addition, the related mechanism, including supervision, is not perfect. The construction of the reasonable flow mechanism of teachers in urban and rural areas can be started from the scientific flow mechanism of teachers, the perfect guarantee mechanism of teachers exchange, the formation of supervision and accountability mechanism, and the reconstruction of rural culture, to ensure balanced development of urban and rural education.更多还原