【摘要】 为提升污水处理厂尾水深度净化效能与湿地生态功能，本研究以苏州某污水处理厂尾水湿地为研究对象，系统评估多级人工湿地系统对污染物深度净化效果。通过现场调查与生物多样性评估方法，结合水质、水生态与运行状态数据，揭示当前系统在污染物指标控制、底栖动物群落恢复、基质堵塞与植物配置方面的关键瓶颈。结果表明：湿地系统对污染物具有较好的处理效果，处理后总磷0.006～0.598 mg·L^-1、总氮3.16～3.72 mg·L^-1、氨氮0.52～2.19 mg·L^-1、硝态氮3.03～3.72 mg·L^-1、亚硝态氮0.002～0.010 mg·L^-1；底栖动物群落结构单一，香农指数仅为0.69，生态系统稳定性较弱。研究提出构建分带复合植被、实施模块化与轮作管理、优化水流路径及恢复多级捕食网等优化策略，可提升尾水湿地系统的污染物削减能力与生态功能。本研究可为长三角地区污水处理厂尾水湿地系统的功能性优化、高效运维与生态功能提升提供理论支持与实证依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 To enhance the advanced purification efficiency of wastewater treatment plant effluent and the ecological functionality of constructed wetlands, this study conducted a case analysis of a multi-stage wetland system in Suzhou, China. Integrating field investigations, biodiversity assessments, and monitoring of water quality, aquatic ecosystems, and operational parameters, a comprehensive evaluation of the system’s performance and key constraints was performed. The results showed that the wetland system had a good pollutant treatment effect. After treatment, the concentrations of total phosphorus were 0.006～0.598 mg·L^-1, total nitrogen 3.16～3.72 mg·L^-1, ammonia nitrogen 0.52～2.19 mg·L^-1, nitrate nitrogen 3.03～3.72 mg·L^-1, and nitrite nitrogen 0.002～0.010 mg·L^-1. However, the benthic macroinvertebrate community exhibited a simplified structure, with a Shannon-Wiener diversity index of merely 0.69, indicating weak ecological stability. The study concludes that comprehensive strategies-including construction of zoned composite plant communities, implementing modular and rotational management, optimization flow pathways, and restoration of multi-level trophic networks-are essential to enhance both pollutant removal capacity and ecological functions. This research provides theoretical support and empirical evidence for functional optimization, efficient operation, and ecological enhancement of wastewater treatment plant effluent wetlands in the Yangtze River Delta region.更多还原