【摘要】 本文以河南省灵宝市底董遗址出土的仰韶时期陶器为研究对象，结合能量色散型X射线荧光光谱（ED-XRF）、主成分分析及陶器操作链方法，系统探讨了该遗址在仰韶文化初期至早期的制陶工艺特征。研究共选取589件陶片样本，分析其原料组成、成型工艺、修整技术、装饰特征及烧制工艺。结果表明，底董遗址陶器原料为当地普通易熔性黏土，陶器烧成温度在795.5℃至952.5℃之间。主成分分析显示两期陶器原料来源一致，反映先民在原料选择上具有延续性。陶器成型以泥条筑成法为主，辅以慢轮修整；装饰以绳纹、弦纹为主，具有“红顶钵”等特色工艺。通过与临近的南交口、泉鸠遗址进行对比，揭示了三门峡地区在仰韶至龙山时期制陶工艺的传承与发展，反映了该地区在新石器时代晚期的技术演进与文化互动。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study systematically investigates the pottery production techniques of the Yangshao period at the Didong site in Lingbao, Sanmenxia, Henan Province, by employing energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence(ED-XRF), principal component analysis, and the cha?ne opératoire approach. A total of 589 pottery sherds were selected and analyzed for their chemical composition, forming methods, finishing techniques, decorative characteristics, and firing temperatures. The results show that the pottery was produced using local, common fusible clay, with firing temperatures ranging between 795.5 °C and 952.5 °C. Principal component analysis indicates a consistent source of raw materials across both phases, ref lecting continuity in material selection practices. The primary forming technique was coil building, supplemented by slow-wheel trimming. Decorations were dominated by cord marks and bow-string patterns, with distinctive features such as "red-topped" bowls. Comparisons with the Nanjiaokou and Quanjiu sites highlight the inheritance and development of pottery-making practices in the Sanmenxia area from the Yangshao to the Longshan period, illustrating technological progression and cultural interaction in late Neolithic.更多还原