【摘要】 为提高自然灾害发生后大规模灾民的疏散效率，保证灾民的生命财产安全，以疏散完成时间最短和平均风险度最小为目标，提出考虑私家车和应急公交车协同疏散的应急疏散路径规划模型。模型将灾民分为高行动力和低行动力2个群体，采用不同的疏散策略，并以某地突发泥石流为例，采用改进蚁群算法求解该模型。研究结果表明：相较于蚁群算法和遗传算法，改进蚁群算法能有效求解该模型；在疏散过程中多模式协同疏散具有更高的疏散效率，与只考虑应急公交车的疏散方案相比，案例的平均疏散完成时间缩短了11.6 min,平均风险度也更低，且在相同的时间段内，所疏散的人数也更多。研究结果可为突发事件应急疏散决策提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to enhance the evacuation efficiency of large-scale affected populations after natural disasters and ensure their safety and property protection, this study proposes an emergency evacuation route planning model incorporating coordinated private car and emergency bus transportation.The model prioritizes the shortest evacuation time and the lowest average risk level.Affected individuals are categorized into two groups based on mobility levels(high and low mobility) with distinct evacuation strategies.Using a sudden mudslide case study, the improved ant colony algorithm solves the model.Research results show that compared to standard ant colony algorithm and genetic algorithm, the improved ant colony algorithm effectively solve the model.During evacuation operations, multimodal coordinated evacuation demonstrates higher efficiency.Compared to bus-only evacuation schemes, the case study shows an 11.6 min reduction in average evacuation completion time, lower average risk levels, and increased evacuation amounts within identical timeframes.The research results can provide a reference for emergency evacuation decision-making in emergency incidents.更多还原