【摘要】 便秘是一种常见的器质性胃肠道疾病，全球发病率约为10%～20%,病因包括功能性疾病、器质性疾病和药物因素等，大部分为功能性便秘。近年来，在生物医学、人工智能和微生物组研究进展的推动下，便秘的诊断和治疗取得了一定进展。本文综述了便秘的最新研究进展，包括肠道微生物群在便秘中的作用、短链脂肪酸的代谢调节作用、抑郁和其他精神因素对肠道运动的影响。此外，还讨论了人工智能辅助诊断、基于人工智能的咨询系统、个性化微生物群移植和微创神经调节等未来发展方向，为便秘的精准医疗提供新的见解。更多还原

【Abstract】 Constipation is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder with a global prevalence of approximately 10% to 20%.Its causes include functional disorders, organic diseases, and drug factors, with the majority being functional constipation.In recent years, driven by advancements in biomedicine, artificial intelligence(AI),and microbiome research, significant progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of constipation.This review systematically explores the latest developments in constipation treatment, including the role of the gut microbiota in constipation, the metabolic regulatory effects of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),the impact of mental factors on intestinal motility.Additionally, it discusses future development directions such as AI-assisted diagnosis, AI-based consultation systems, personalized microbiota transplantation, and minimally invasive neuromodulation, providing new insights for precision medicine in constipation.更多还原