【摘要】 为探究N、P、K、Mg的施肥配比对福建柏叶精油得率及其主要成分的影响，以6年生的相同生长状况、立地条件、地理位置的福建柏为试验材料，分别以N肥（尿素）、P肥（过磷酸钙）、K肥（KCl）、Mg肥（七水硫酸镁）为试验因素，设计4因素4水平共16个施肥处理的L₁₆（4⁵）的正交试验方案进行施肥试验。结果显示：施肥处理后福建柏叶精油得率均高于不施肥处理，最高得率为2.56 mL/kg。正交试验得出N肥300 g, P肥50 g, K肥50 g以及Mg肥18.2 g是提高福建柏叶精油得率的最佳施肥配比；4种肥料对福建柏叶精油得率的影响大小依次为N>Mg>P>K。不同施肥处理的福建柏叶精油中共同含有的成分有52种，GC含量占总成分的98.5%以上，其中GC含量最高的5种成分为α-蒎烯、D-柠檬烯、腐木烷-4（15）,9-二烯-12-醇、β-月桂烯和β-蒎烯。不同施肥处理的福建柏叶精油中α-蒎烯GC含量均超过45%,N肥200 g、P肥200 g、K肥100 g以及Mg肥18.2 g是提高α-蒎烯GC含量的最佳施肥配比。施肥能提升福建柏叶精油含量，生产中应根据要求有针对性地配比施肥，从而提升福建柏的经济价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 To investigate the effects of N, P, K and M fertilization ratios on the yield and major components of essential oil from Chamaecyparis hodginsii leaves, a study was conducted using 6-year-old C. hodginsii plants with uniform growth status, site conditions and geographical location. The L₁₆（4⁵） orthogonal experimental design（4 factors×4 levels） was designed, involving 16 fertilization treatments with N, P, K, and Mg as variables. The results showed that the yield of essential oil after fertilization treatment was higher than that without fertilization, the highest yield was 2.56 mL/kg. Orthogonal experimental results showed that N 300 g, P 50 g, K 50 g and Mg 18.2 g was the best fertilization ratio to increase the yield of the essential oil. The effects of four fertilizers on the yield of essential oil from C. hodginsii leaves were in the order of N>Mg>P>K. There were 52 components in the essential oil of C. hodginsii leaves under different fertilization treatments, and the GC content accounted for more than 98.5% of the total components. The five components with the highest relative content were α-pinene, D-limonene, humulane-4（15）, 9-dien-12-ol, β-myrcene and β-pinene. The relative content of α-pinene in the essential oil of C. hodginsii leaves under different fertilization treatments was more than 45%. N 200 g, P 200 g, K 100 g and Mg 18.2 g was the best fertilization ratio to increase the relative content of α-pinene. Fertilization could increase the content of essential oil in C. hodginsii leaves. In production, fertilization should be targeted according to requirements, so as to enhance the economic value of C. hodginsii.更多还原