【摘要】 目的:分析颞骨胆脂瘤并发脑脓肿的病因、诊断及治疗方式和手术时机的选择。方法:收集新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院自2008年1月至2024年1月收治的胆脂瘤并发脑脓肿患者27例，总结其临床特点及治疗方式。结果:2例患者行改良乳突根治术并乳突腔穿刺抽脓，其余患者均先于神经外科治疗脑脓肿后再行耳部手术。其中19例行开颅脑脓肿切除术，脓肿较小的5例行引流术后所有患者转至耳鼻喉科行乳突根治术。仅有1例患者自动出院后随访死亡，其余患者预后良好，无复发。结论:OBA是颞部胆脂瘤最严重的并发症，死亡率高，MRI可协助早期诊断。尽早治疗，多学科协作可提高本病治愈率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To analyze the etiology, diagnosis, treatment of cholesteatoma of temporal bone complicated with brain abscess. Methods: A total of 27 patients with cholesteatoma complicated with brain abscess admitted to the People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from January 2008 to January 2024 were collected, and their clinical characteristics and treatment methods were summarized. Results: Tow patients underwent modify radical mastoidectomy and eliminate abscess by pricking. The other patients underwent ear surgery after neurosurgical treatment of brain abscess. Among them, 19 cases underwent open craniotomy for brain abscess and 5 cases with small abscess were transferred to otorhinolaryngology for radical mastoidectomy after transcranial drainage. Only one patient died, the other patients had a good prognosis without recurrence. Conclusion: OBA is the most serious complication of temporal cholesteatoma with a high mortality rate, and MRI can assist in early diagnosis. Early treatment and multidisciplinary collaboration can improve the cure rate of the disease.更多还原