【摘要】 受矿岩禀赋和爆破施工质量的影响，变截面矿柱普遍存在于房柱法地下开采矿山中。为研究变截面矿柱承载力学效应，以某石灰岩矿变截面矿柱为研究对象，构建变截面矿柱力学模型，推导其应力和安全系数表达式，分别研究应力及安全系数与变截面矿柱直径d、变截面区半径R等因素之间的关系，并分析应力分布特征。结果表明：变截面矿柱应力在变截面区域是逐渐变化的，应力幅值随着R或d的增大而减小；安全系数随着R的增大而增大，且变化速率逐渐增大，随着d的增大同步增大；与等截面矿柱相比，变截面矿柱应力分布更均匀，与顶板相接处应力传递效果更好，安全系数更高，稳定性更好。数值模拟和工程实例验证了理论计算结果的可靠性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Due to the influence of ore-rock endowment and blasting construction quality, variable cross-section pillars are commonly present in room-and-pillar underground mining mines. To study the bearing capacity effect of variable cross-section pillars, taking the variable cross-section pillar of a limestone mine as the research object, a mechanical model of the variable cross-section pillar was established, the expressions for its stress and safety factor were derived, the relationships between stress, safety factor and factors such as the diameter d of the variable cross-section pillar and the radius R of the variable cross-section area were studied respectively, and the stress distribution characteristic was analyzed. The results show that the stress of variable cross-section pillars changes gradually in the variable cross-section area, and the stress amplitude decreases with the increase of R or d. The safety factor increases with the increase of R, and the rate of change increases gradually. It also increases synchronously with the increase of d. Compared with constant cross-section pillars, variable cross-section pillars have a more uniform stress distribution, a better stress transfer effect at the junction with the roof, a higher safety factor, and better stability. Numerical simulation and engineering examples have verified the reliability of the theoretical calculation results.更多还原