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包头某稀土尾矿库对周边环境的影响研究

Study on the Influence of a Rare Earth Tailings Pond on the Surrounding Environment in Baotou

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【作者】 邓攀博蒋海明张金山

【Author】 DENG Panbo;JIANG Haiming;ZHANG Jinshan;School of Life Science and Technology,Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology;School of Mining and Coal,Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology;

【通讯作者】 张金山;

【机构】 内蒙古科技大学生命科学与技术学院内蒙古科技大学矿业与煤炭学院

【摘要】 为了解包头某稀土尾矿库对周边环境的污染状况,梳理总结了相关研究结果,并提出了相关污染防治建议。针对该尾矿库周边环境污染状况的检测和评价均表明:该尾矿库周边地表水、地下水及土壤存在不同程度的盐离子、重金属、稀土污染,越靠近尾矿库,污染状况越严重,环境生态风险越高;在做好该稀土尾矿有价元素及有益组分回收的同时,应尽量恢复尾矿库植被,固定尾矿干滩,减少扬尘,防止污染扩散;植被恢复的植物物种应在耐盐植物或盐生植物中进行筛选,以减轻尾矿基质改良成本,并应兼顾转移、容纳或转化、耐受稀土的植物,尤其是超积累植物,为该尾矿库的生态修复提供有益参考。

【Abstract】 In order to get the pollution status of a rare earth tailings pond on the surrounding environment in Baotou,the relevant research results are summarized,and relevant pollution prevention and control suggestions are put forward. The detection and evaluation of the environmental pollution around the tailings reservoir show that there are different degrees of salt ions,heavy metals and rare earth pollution in the surface water,groundwater and soil around the tailings reservoir. The closer to the tailings reservoir,the more serious the pollution is,and the higher the environmental ecological risk is. While recovering the valuable elements and beneficial components of the rare earth tailings,the vegetation of the tailings reservoir should be restored as much as possible,the dry beach of the tailings should be fixed,the dust should be reduced,and the pollution diffusion should be prevented. The plant species for vegetation restoration should be screened among salt-tolerant plants or halophytes to reduce the cost of tailings matrix improvement,and should take into account the plants that transfer,accommodate or transform,and tolerate rare earths,especially hyperaccumulators,which provides a useful reference for the ecological restoration of the tailings pond.

【关键词】 稀土尾矿库土壤地表水地下水
【Key words】 rare earth tailings pondsoilsurface waterground water
【基金】 国家环保公益行业科研专项(编号:201309005);内蒙古自然科学基金项目(编号:2018LH03021);内蒙古高校科研基金项目(编号:2023QNJS154)
  • 【分类号】TD926.4;X753
  • 【下载频次】37
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