【摘要】 燃料电池与电解池可以为空间长期任务和宇航基地提供能源支持,但是空间中不同的引力水平会对其性能造成影响,因此开展非常规重力环境中的相关实验研究对于航天用燃料电池与电解池的研发及改进是必要的.本文综述了非常规重力条件下燃料电池和电解池的实验研究.分析及讨论表明,重力水平的改变导致燃料电池与电解池内部气液两相流特性改变,从而对性能造成不同的影响.目前仍缺少燃料电池在超重力与长期微重力下的实验数据以及再生燃料电池的非常规重力实验数据.非常规重力条件下的燃料电池和电解池实验不仅有助于促进流体物理与热物理学与电化学之间的学科交叉,还将为空间再生燃料电池系统的研发提供数据依据.更多还原

【Abstract】 Fuel cells and electrolytic cells can provide energy support for long-term missions and bases in space, but different gravitational levels in space affect their performance, so experimental studies in unconventional gravity environments are necessary for the development and improvement of fuel cells and electrolytic cells for spaceflight. The experimental studies of fuel cells and electrolytic cells in unconventional gravity conditions are reviewed. The analyses and discussions show that the change of gravity level leads to the change of gas-liquid two-phase flow characteristics inside the fuel cell and electrolytic cell, which affects the performance differently. There is still a lack of experimental data on fuel cells in hypergravity and long-term microgravity, as well as unconventional gravity experiments on regenerative fuel cells. Fuel cell and electrolysis cell experiments under unconventional gravity conditions will not only help to promote the intersection of fluid physics and thermophysics with electrochemistry, but will also provide a data basis for the development of regenerative fuel cell systems in space.更多还原