【摘要】 作为世界上第一大钢铁生产国，中国钢铁行业副产煤气年生产量总和超过14000亿Nm₃，其蕴含的能量相当于2.66亿t标准煤。然而，目前中国钢铁行业副产煤气以作为燃料燃烧使用为主，仍处于碳排放较高、综合利用率较低的阶段。为促进中国钢铁行业副产煤气利用效率的提升，阐述了高炉煤气、焦炉煤气、转炉煤气3类核心副产煤气的成分、热值等特征及可用性，分析了以燃料燃烧为主的利用现状与局限，探讨了钢化联产、氢冶金路径下的高值化利用途径，含变压吸附法（PSA）、化学吸收法提纯CO/CO₂，及转炉煤气生物发酵、焦炉煤气重整制甲醇/乙醇与氢能；重点论述了焦炉煤气在Midrex、Energiron-ZR直接还原炼铁中的应用优势及实践。研究表明，副产煤气经技术升级可从单一燃料转向化工原料，如焦炉煤气高炉喷吹减排10%～20%，中国宝武钢铁集团HyCROFTM富氢碳循环高炉技术验证了其可行性。据此总结出，钢化联产协同、氢冶金耦合、CCUS技术融合是其高效低碳利用核心方向，可推动行业从“碳冶金”转向“氢冶金”，为钢铁行业绿色低碳转型提供技术支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the world’s largest steel producer, China’s steel industry generates over 1.4 trillion cubic meters of by-product gas annually, which contains energy equivalent to 266 million tons of standard coal. However, currently, the by-product gas from China’s steel industry is mainly used as fuel for combustion, remaining at a stage with high carbon emissions and low comprehensive utilization rate. In view of this, to promote the improvement of the utilization efficiency of by-product gas in China’s steel industry, this paper elaborates on the composition, calorific value and other characteristics and availability of three core by-product gases: blast furnace gas,coke oven gas and converter gas. It also analyzes the current utilization status and limitations mainly based on fuel combustion, and explores the high-value utilization pathways under the steel-chemical integration and hydrogen metallurgy approaches, including pressure swing adsorption(PSA) and chemical absorption for purifying CO/CO2, as well as biological fermentation of converter gas and reforming of coke oven gas to produce methanol/ethanol and hydrogen energy. It focuses on the application advantages and practices of coke oven gas in Midrex and Energiron-ZR direct reduction ironmaking. Research shows that by-product gas can be transformed from a single fuel to a chemical raw material through technological upgrades, such as reducing emissions by 10%～20% through high-pressure injection of coke oven gas into blast furnaces, and the feasibility of Baowu’s HyCROFTM hydrogen-rich carbon cycle blast furnace technology has been verified. Based on this, it is concluded that the core directions for efficient and low-carbon utilization are steel-chemical integration and synergy, hydrogen metallurgy coupling, and the integration of CCUS technology, which can drive the industry to shift from "carbon metallurgy" to "hydrogen metallurgy" and provide technical support for the green and low-carbon transformation of the steel industry.更多还原