【摘要】 2024年，氢能技术产业迅猛发展，取得了多项突破性进展。在制氢方面，大规模绿氢示范项目不断增加，碱性电解槽成本逐渐下降，固体氧化物电解和质子交换膜电解等高效电解技术性能进一步提升，通过电极材料的优化，电解持续效率逐渐增加，膜电极运行寿命不断延长。在储运氢方面，除传统高压气态和液氢外，金属氢化物储氢、有机液态储氢、氨/甲醇等新型氢储运方式的技术成熟度逐渐提高。一方面，镁基合金、钛基合金等金属储氢技术的循环寿命及储氢效率进一步提升，同时通过规模化发展进一步降低了氢储运成本；另一方面，绿氨和绿色甲醇项目发展迅速，成为推动能源转型和工业脱碳的重要举措。未来，随着技术的持续创新，氢能将在交通、工业和大规模长周期储能等多个领域发挥更重要的作用，为碳中和目标的实现提供有力支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 In 2024 the hydrogen energy industry experienced rapid development and made groundbreaking advancements. In hydrogen production, large-scale green hydrogen demonstration projects continued to proliferate, with the cost of alkaline water electrolysis steadily decreasing. High-efficiency electrolysis technologies such as solid oxide electrolysis cells and proton exchange membrane electrolysis cells were significantly improved due to optimization of electrode materials, which continuously improved electrolysis efficiency and extended service life. In hydrogen storage and transportation, alongside traditional high-pressure gaseous hydrogen and liquid hydrogen methods, emerging technologies such as metal hydride storage, organic liquid hydrogen carriers, and ammonia/methanol-based systems reached higher levels of technological maturity. On the one hand, metal hydride storage and transportation technologies such as magnesium-based and titanium-based alloys achieved improved cycle life and hydrogen storage efficiency. meanwhile large-scale development also helped further reduce the cost of hydrogen storage and transportation. On the other hand, green ammonia and green methanol projects were advancing rapidly, becoming an important measure to promote energy transformation and industrial decarbonization. Looking ahead, with continuous technological innovation, hydrogen energy will play an increasingly important role in transportation, industry, large-scale and long-term energy storage and other fields, providing strong support for achieving the carbon neutrality goal.更多还原