【摘要】 针对包埋材料机械强度不足的技术瓶颈，创新性采用静电纺丝技术制备海藻半纤维素/纤维素纳米晶体复合聚乙二醇（EH-CNC-PEG）包埋颗粒。研究EH-CNC-PEG在短程反硝化工艺中的脱氮性能，对不同C/N比条件下包埋颗粒反应器的启动与长期运行的稳定性进行监测；通过反转录菌群进行16s rRNA扩增检测，研究包埋颗粒内微生物结构的变化。结果表明，在C/N=3条件，EH-CNC-PEG表现出较好的长期稳定运行性能，并能取得最佳NO^-₂-N积累率和反硝化性能；通过微生物群落组成分析发现反转录菌群检测更能精准表征EH-CNC-PEG内活菌菌群的丰度和特征，包埋颗粒在长期连续运行过程中始终以Proteobacteria门（丰度由71.1%增至92.9%）和Thauera属（由52.19%提升至72.38%）为关键菌群，其空间富集特性与体系污染物去除效能呈显著正相关。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study addresses the technical challenge of insufficient mechanical strength in embedding materials by innovatively employing electrospinning technology to fabricate alginate hemicellulose/cellulose nanocrystal composite polyethylene glycol（EH-CNC-PEG） embedding particles. The denitrification performance of EH-CNC-PEG in the partial denitrification process was systematically evaluated. The start-up efficiency and long-term operational stability of the immobilized granular reactor under varying C/N ratios were closely monitored. Additionally, changes in the microbial community structure within the immobilized granules were analyzed through reverse transcription coupled with 16S rRNA gene amplification and sequencing. The results demonstrated that under a C/N ratio of 3, EH-CNC-PEG exhibited excellent long-term operational stability and achieved optimal NO^-₂-N accumulation and denitrification performance. Microbial community composition analysis revealed that reverse transcription-based bacterial detection provided a more precise characterization of the abundance and features of viable bacteria within EH-CNC-PEG. During prolonged continuous operation, Proteobacteria（increasing from 71.1% to 92.9%） and Thauera（increasing from 52.19% to 72.38%） consistently dominated as key bacterial groups in the embedded particles. Their spatial enrichment characteristics were found to be significantly positively correlated with the system′s pollutant removal efficiency.更多还原