【摘要】 城市排水系统雨季溢流问题已成为制约我国汛期水环境质量提升的关键瓶颈，其引发的降雨期间水质恶化现象暴露出管控体系不完善和排水设施效能不足的双重困境。基于我国排水系统特征，系统解析了雨季溢流的形成机制，通过对国内外溢流控制标准要求研究发现，我国在雨季溢流准入阈值界定、控制路径导向、量化管控指标及处置效能标准等关键要求上尚未形成统一和完善的标准体系。借鉴发达国家雨季溢流控制思路，统筹考虑环境、安全和经济，基于源头-过程-末端全过程管控理念，从宏观政策维度提出三级梯度控制策略，确立“小雨不溢流、中雨要处理、大雨保安全”的分级控制目标，并进一步提出分级适配和有效衔接的雨季溢流控制措施体系架构，明确控制措施的优先选择原则。研究成果可为我国城市雨季溢流精准管控与排水系统效能提升提供理论支撑和技术路径参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Urban drainage system overflow during rainy seasons has emerged as a critical bottleneck impeding the improvement of water environment quality during flood periods. The resultant water quality deterioration during rainfall events highlights dual challenges: fragmented management systems and inadequate infrastructure performance. This study systematically analyzes the conceptual characteristics and formation mechanisms of rainy-season overflow, contextualized within China’s unique drainage system attributes. Through comparative analysis of domestic and international standards, it reveals that China’s current regulatory framework lacks a comprehensive technical system for defining overflow admission thresholds, prioritizing control pathways, quantifying management indicators, and establishing treatment efficiency criteria. Drawing on the flood control strategies of developed countries during the rainy season, taking into account environmental, safety, and economic factors, building upon the holistic “source-process-end” management philosophy, we propose a three-tier gradient control strategy from a macro-policy perspective, establishing hierarchical objectives: light rain should not cause overflow, moderate rain should be effectively treated, and heavy rain must be handled to ensure public safety. Furthermore, a “hierarchical adaptation” engineering framework is developed, clarifying optimization principles for facility. These findings provide theoretical foundations and technical pathways for precise overflow management and drainage system optimization in Chinese cities.更多还原