【摘要】 目的 探讨应用病床床头抬起角度标记器对降低长期卧床鼻饲患者误吸及相关并发症发生率的效果。方法 采用前瞻性随机对照研究设计，选取2024年3月至12月本院收治的120例长期卧床鼻饲患者作为研究对象，采用随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组，各60例。对照组由护士依据经验目测摇高床头，观察组则使用自制的病床床头抬起角度标记器，将床头精准抬高至30～45°。比较两组患者的误吸发生率、吸入性肺炎发生率、隐性误吸（通过胃蛋白酶检测）发生率、胃残余量（GRV）超标率、床头角度达标率及患者舒适度（采用视觉模拟评分法/VAS）。结果观察组患者的误吸发生率（3.33%vs. 21.67%）、吸入性肺炎发生率（3.33%vs. 13.33%）、隐性误吸发生率（8.33%vs.23.33%）及GRV超标率（5.00%vs. 23.33%）均显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。同时，观察组床头角度达标率达到100%，显著高于对照组的75%(P<0.001)，且患者舒适度VAS评分显著高于对照组（P=0.002）。结论 应用病床床头抬起角度标记器能有效提升床头抬高角度的精准性，显著降低长期卧床鼻饲患者误吸及相关并发症的发生风险，并能改善患者舒适度，是一种值得在临床推广的简易、有效护理干预工具。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the effect of applying a bed head elevation angle marker on reducing aspiration and related complications in long-term bedridden patients receiving nasogastric tube feeding. Methods A prospective randomized controlled study design was adopted. One hundred and twenty long-term bedridden nasogastric tube feeding patients admitted to our hospital from March to December 2024 were selected as the study subjects and randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group using a random number table, with 60 patients in each group. In the control group, nurses elevated the bed head based on visual estimation of experience, while in the experimental group, a self-made bed head elevation angle marker was used to accurately elevate the bed head to 30°～45°. The incidence of aspiration, incidence of aspiration pneumonia, incidence of silent aspiration(detected by pepsin testing), gastric residual volume(GRV) exceeding standard rate, bed head angle compliance rate, and patient comfort(using Visual Analogue Scale/VAS) were compared between the two groups. Results The incidence of aspiration(3.33% vs 21.67%), incidence of aspiration pneumonia(3.33% vs 13.33%), incidence of silent aspiration(8.33% vs 23.33%), and GRV exceeding standard rate(5.00% vs 23.33%) in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group(all P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the bed head angle compliance rate in the experimental group reached 100%, significantly higher than the 75% in the control group(P < 0.001), and the patient comfort VAS score in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P=0.002). Conclusion The application of the bed head elevation angle marker can effectively improve the accuracy of bed head elevation, significantly reduce the risk of aspiration and related complications in long-term bedridden nasogastric tube feeding patients, and improve patient comfort. It is a simple and effective nursing intervention tool worthy of clinical promotion.更多还原