【摘要】 教育信息化作为推进义务教育优质均衡发展的重要手段，通过信息技术促进优质教育资源共享，成为缩小教育差距的重要路径。为评估当前我国教育信息化的实施效果，本研究基于4省12县的调查数据，实证分析了教育信息化对城乡学生学业成绩的影响。研究发现：第一，教育信息化对学生学业成绩具有显著的正向影响；第二，教育信息化对不同学业水平农村学生的学业成绩均有提升效应，尤其是对农村学生中学业成绩处于两端的群体正向影响更大，即同时存在“补差”和“培优”效应，且“补差”效应更为突出；第三，教育信息化对城乡学生学业成绩差距的贡献表现为禀赋效应而非系数效应。具体而言，教育信息化资源的分布差异显著扩大了城乡学生学业成绩的差距，而农村学生在从信息技术应用中获得的更高回报，弥合了城乡学生学业成绩差距。基于此，建议进一步加大农村教育信息化投入力度，缩小城乡教育信息化资源配置差异，推动教育信息化资源共建共享，并强化基于学生能力发展的教育信息化效果评价。更多还原

【Abstract】 Educational informatization, as a pivotal means to promote high-quality and balanced development in compulsory education, has become a crucial pathway for narrowing educational disparities by enabling the sharing of quality educational resources through information technology. To evaluate the current implementation effectiveness of educational informatization in China, this study empirically analyzes its impact on the academic performance of urban and rural students, using survey data collected from 12 counties across 4 provinces. The findings are as follows. First, educational informatization has a significant positive effect on students’ academic performance. Second, it improves academic outcomes for all rural students, irrespective of their baseline achievement levels, with a stronger positive impact observed among both low-and high-achievers. This reflects the coexistence of “remedial” and “talent-cultivation” effects, where the remedial effect is more pronounced. Third, the contribution of educational informatization to the urban-rural academic achievement gap stems mainly from the endowment effect rather than the coefficient effect. Specifically, disparities in the distribution of educational informatization resources significantly widen the academic performance gap between urban and rural students, whereas the higher rate of return on informatization resources among rural students helps narrow this gap. Based on these findings, we recommend further increasing investment in rural educational informatization, reducing urban-rural disparities in resource allocation, promoting co-construction and sharing mechanisms for informatization resources, and strengthening outcome evaluation focused on student competency development.更多还原