【摘要】 新质生产力的本质是以科技创新推动产业创新，其表现为由劳动者、劳动资料、劳动对象及其组合的质变所形成的一种新型生产力形态。新质生产力的发展机制依然是通过提高资本有机构成实现生产效率的提升，并且新质生产力对生产关系也提出了新的要求，必须塑造新型生产关系，使其适应新质生产力的发展。因此，新型生产关系既要完善国家创新体系有利于形成新质生产力，又要提供应用场景和基础设施有利于应用新质生产力，还要调节收入分配促进社会再生产持续稳定运行，从而有利于容纳新质生产力。具体而言，一方面要聚焦构建高水平社会主义市场经济体制，处理好政府与市场的关系；另一方面要从社会再生产的各个环节入手，在生产环节因地制宜发展新质生产力，在分配环节兼顾实现效率与改善民生，在交换环节有效畅通国民经济循环，在消费环节全方位扩大国内需求。更多还原

【Abstract】 The essence of the new quality productive forces is to promote industrial innovation by scientific and technological innovation. It is a new type of productive forces formed by the qualitative change of workers, labor materials, labor objects and their combinations. The development mechanism of the new quality productive forces is still to realize the enhancement of production efficiency through the improvement of the organic composition of capital, and the new quality productive forces also put forward new requirements for the production relations, which must be shaped to adapt to the development of the new quality productive forces. Therefore, the new production relations should not only improve the national innovation system to facilitate the formation of the new productive forces, but also provide application scenarios and infrastructures to facilitate the application of the new productive forces, as well as regulate the distribution of income to promote the sustained and stable operation of social reproduction,thereby facilitating the accommodation of the new productive forces. Specifically, on the one hand, it is necessary to focus on building a high-level socialist market economic system and handling the relationship between the government and the market; on the other hand, it is important to take a look at all aspects of social reproduction, including developing the new productive forces according to local conditions in the production chain, striking a balance between realizing efficiency and improving people’s livelihoods in the distribution chain, efficiently smoothing the circulation of the national economy in the exchange chain, and comprehensively expanding domestic demand in the consumption chain.更多还原