【摘要】 为研究某型高速动车组车轴的疲劳损伤问题，利用车辆-轨道刚柔耦合动力学模型和轮对有限元分析模型，分析了车轮扁疤与车轴冲击损伤耦合作用下车轴裂纹的扩展行为，研究了不同车速、不同扁疤尺寸对车轴剩余寿命的影响规律。结果表明，含有冲击损伤的车轴剩余寿命与车速大小、车轮扁疤尺寸密切相关。当车轮扁疤和车轴冲击损伤共同存在时，存在一个与扁疤对应的临界速度，使车轴的剩余寿命最小；若车速保持不变，车轴剩余寿命随扁疤尺寸的增大而迅速减小；当车速为300 km/h，扁疤长度为30 mm，且车轴存在冲击损伤时，车轴的剩余寿命为58.37万公里，接近三级检修周期，需根据规定进行相应的处理。更多还原

【Abstract】 To investigate the fatigue damage of axles in a certain type of high-speed EMU, a vehicle-track rigid-flexible coupled dynamic model and a wheel set finite element analysis model were employed to analyze the crack propagation behavior of axles under the combined effects of wheel flat and axle impact damage. The influence of different train speeds and varying wheel flat sizes on the residual life of the axle was studied. The results indicate that the residual life of axles with impact damage is closely related to the train speed and the size of the wheel flat. When both wheel flat and axle impact damage coexist, there exists a critical speed corresponding to the wheel flat at which the residual life of the axle is minimized. If the train speed remains constant, the residual life of the axle decreases rapidly with the increase in wheel flat size. At a train speed of 300 km/h, with a wheel flat length of 30 mm and the presence of axle impact damage, the residual life of the axle is 583 700 km, which is close to the interval for a Level 3 maintenance cycle and requires corresponding treatment according to regulations.更多还原