【摘要】 行星齿轮机构是商用车混动系统的关键部件。传统设计中，行星齿轮机构的公差优化仅考虑单一工况，存在明显不足。实际运行时，行星齿轮需适应多变的工况，传统方法会导致偏心误差分配不合理，引发传动误差大、载荷不均等问题，降低系统可靠性和寿命。基于以上问题，提出一种面向多工况下的行星齿轮传动误差设计方法。首先，研究了商用车混动系统在不同驾驶工况模式下行星齿轮机构各构件的工作状态；其次，利用了集中质量法建立行星齿轮机构的系统动力学模型；再次，结合系统动力学模型分析了不同工况下行星齿轮机构各构件扭转振动位移造成的偏心误差，以及各构件偏心误差对系统传动误差的影响程度；然后，采用了“权重法”按照系统传动误差影响程度和商用车混动系统各工况使用时长占比，对行星齿轮机构各构件的许用偏心误差进行优化分配；最后，以某4.5 t商用车混动系统为例，验证了基于多工况分析下行星齿轮公差设计方法的有效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The planetary gear mechanism is a critical component in commercial vehicle hybrid systems. In conventional designs, tolerance optimization typically considers only a single operating condition, which presents significant limitations. During actual operation, the planetary gearset must accommodate a range of varying working conditions. However, traditional methods often result in improper allocation of eccentricity errors. This can cause substantial transmission errorsand uneven load distribution, consequently degrading the overall system reliability and service life.To address this, a multi-condition-oriented transmission error design method for planetary gears is proposed. First, the working states of the planetary gear components under different driving modes in hybrid systems are examined. Then, a system dynamics model is established using the lumped mass method. The eccentricity errors caused by torsional vibration displacements and their impact on transmission error are analyzed. Next, the “weighting method” is used to optimize the allowable eccentricity error distribution for each component, considering the transmission error impact and the overall operation time of each driving condition. Finally, the method’s effectiveness is validated using a 4.5 t commercial vehicle hybrid system as an example.更多还原