【摘要】 目的 研究田湾核电站周围初高中师生的核辐射认知现状，为开展核辐射知识科普工作提供依据。方法 2023年，对田湾核电站周围初高中学校老师及学生开展核辐射认知现状调查，采用二元logistic回归模型进行高认知水平影响因素分析。结果 纳入调查559人，老师的核辐射知识回答正确率为63.11%,其中辐射知识为73.70%,核电知识为65.61%,核事故应急知识为44.78%;学生的核辐射知识回答正确率为43.07%,其中辐射知识为52.72%,核电知识正确率为40.13%,核事故应急知识为33.68%。按不同的评价标准，老师、学生的核辐射认知水平高的占比分别为41.59%、46.64%,二元logistic回归分析结果表明，已婚老师核辐射知识高认知水平是未婚、离婚或丧偶的8.020倍(P=0.003);未成年(18岁以下)学生的高认知水平是青年(≥18岁)学生的0.242(P<0.001),初中学生的高认知水平是高中的0.195(P<0.001)。结论 田湾核电站周围师生的核辐射认知水平不高，建议多机构联合开展核辐射知识科普工作；重点提升未成年、初中学生和未婚老师等人群的核辐射认知水平；师生对于核电的风险较为担忧，后续要降低核设施对周围居民的消极影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the current situation of nuclear radiation awareness among junior and senior high school teachers and students around Tianwan Nuclear Power Plant, so as to provide a basis for carrying out science popularization activities on nuclear radiation knowledge. Methods In 2023,a survey was conducted on the current situation of nuclear radiation awareness among junior and senior high school teachers and students around Tianwan Nuclear Power Plant.A binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of high-level awareness. Results A total of 559 individuals were included in the survey.The overall correct response rate of teachers on nuclear radiation knowledge was 63.11%,with specific rates of 73.70% for radiation knowledge, 65.61% for nuclear power knowledge, and 44.78% for nuclear emergency response knowledge.The overall correct response rate of students on nuclear radiation knowledge was 43.07%,with specific rates of 52.72% for radiation knowledge, 40.13% for nuclear power knowledge, and 33.68% for nuclear emergency response knowledge.According to different evaluation criteria, the proportion of teachers and students with a high level of nuclear radiation awareness was 41.59% and 46.64% respectively.Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that married teachers had 8.020 times higher levels of nuclear radiation knowledge than unmarried, divorced or widowed teachers(P=0.003).Among students, minors(under 18 years old) were 0.242 times as likely to have a high level of awareness as young students(≥ 18 years old)(P<0.001),and the junior high school students were 0.195 times as likely as senior high school students to have a high level of awareness(P<0.001). Conclusions The awareness of nuclear radiation among teachers and students around Tianwan Nuclear Power Plant remains relatively low.It is recommended to carry out science popularization activities on nuclear radiation knowledge through multi-agency collaboration.Efforts should be focused on improving the awareness of nuclear radiation among juveniles, junior high school students, and unmarried teachers.Teachers and students are quite concerned about the risks of nuclear power, so efforts should be made to mitigate the negative impacts of nuclear facilities on surrounding residents in the future.更多还原