【摘要】 目的 基于健康体检结果分析广州市南沙区老年人群高血压与糖尿病的患病现状及影响因素，为优化健康管理策略提供依据。方法 分析2024年南沙区45 542名≥65岁自愿参加体检老年人高血压、糖尿病患病率及分布特征，采用多因素logistic回归模型探讨危险因素。结果 南沙区≥65岁老年人高血压患病率为53.28%,糖尿病患病率为13.95%。多因素logistic回归分析显示：女性(OR=1.219,95%CI:1.159～1.283)、高龄(≥80岁：OR=3.221,95%CI:2.993～3.466)、超重或肥胖(OR=1.848,95%CI:1.768～1.932)、高脂血症(OR=1.499,95%CI:1.434～1.567)、高尿酸血症(OR=1.423,95%CI:1.353～1.497)、吸烟(OR=1.526,95%CI:1.402～1.660)及合并糖尿病(OR=2.209,95%CI:2.064～2.364)是高血压的独立危险因素，沿海居住具有保护作用(OR=0.768,95%CI:0.717～0.824);糖尿病风险在女性(OR=1.175,95%CI:1.091～1.264)、吸烟(OR=1.238,95%CI:1.108～1.383)、饮酒(OR=1.444,95%CI:1.306～1.597)、超重或肥胖(OR=1.483,95%CI:1.392～1.580)及合并高血压(OR=2.183,95%CI:2.041～2.335)人群中显著升高，沿海地区风险轻度增加(OR=1.145,95%CI:1.041～1.260)。结论 南沙区老年人群高血压和糖尿病患病率较高，且存在显著的人口学、代谢、行为危险因素和地域差异，需针对疾病特点制定差异化的防控策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the current situation and influencing factors of hypertension and diabetes among the elderly people in Nansha District of Guangzhou City based on the results of physical examination, so as to provide a basis for optimizing health management strategies. Methods The data of 45 542 elderly people aged ≥ 65 who volunteered to participate in physical examination in Nansha District in 2024 were analyzed, the present situation and distribution characteristics of elderly people with hypertension and diabetes were described, and a multifactor logistic regression model was used to explore the risk factors. Results The prevalence rate of hypertension and diabetes among the elderly people aged ≥65 in Nansha District was 53.28% and 13.95% respectively.The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female(OR=1.219,95% CI: 1.159-1.283),old age(≥ 80 years old: OR=3.221,95% CI: 2.993-3.466),overweight or obesity(OR=1.848,95% CI: 1.768-1.932),hyperlipidemia(OR=1.499,95% CI: 1.434-1.567),hyperuricemia(OR=1.423,95% CI: 1.353-1.497),smoking(OR=1.526,95% CI: 1.402-1.660) and diabetes(OR=2.209,95% CI: 2.064-2.364) were independent risk factors for hypertension, and that residence in coastal areas hada protective effect(OR=0.768,95% CI: 0.717-0.824);the risk of diabetes was significantly increased in women(OR=1.175,95% CI: 1.091-1.264),smokers(OR=1.238,95% CI: 1.108-1.383),alcohol drinkers(OR=1.444,95% CI: 1.306-1.597),overweight or obesepeople(OR=1.483,95% CI: 1.392-1.580) and people with hypertension(OR=2.183,95% CI: 2.041-2.335),and the risk in coastal areas was slightly increased(OR=1.145,95% CI: 1.041-1.260). Conclusions The prevalence rate of hypertension and diabetes among the elderly people in Nansha District is high, and there are significant demographic, metabolic, behavioral risk factors and regional differences.It is necessary to develop differentiated prevention and control strategies according to different disease characteristics.更多还原