【摘要】 我国光伏发电装机容量已连续9年位居世界第一,成为我国构建新型电力系统的重要支柱。然而,伴随着光伏电站大规模建设与运行,一方面从行业角度给光伏产业带来了诸多挑战,另一方面从实际运行角度也存在较多故障。文章从资源环境、弃光现象、产能过剩、经济性和技术发展等5个方面剖析了光伏产业发展中面临的重要挑战,重点从光伏组件、逆变器和其他常见故障等3个方面重点阐述光伏电站在运行过程中遇到的常见故障及处理方法。文章对光伏电站155起日常故障进行统计分析,结果显示光伏组件故障占比最高,为53.5%;汇流箱、线缆、支架等其他故障占比34.8%;逆变器故障占比最小,为11.6%。研究结果为光伏产业的高效、稳定运行提供重要参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 China’s photovoltaic(PV) installed capacity has ranked first globally for nine consecutive years,as a critical pillar in building a new power system. However, during the large-scale construction of PV power plants, the industry faces numerous challenges, and operational failures are relatively frequent. This study analyzes key challenges in PV industry development from five aspects: resource and environmental constraints, curtailment of solar power, overcapacity, economic efficiency, and technology development. It focuses on common operational faults in PV power plants, categorized into three main areas: PV modules, inverters, and other common issues. Based on statistical analysis of 155 routine faults in PV power plants, the results show that PV module failures account for the highest proportion, at 53. 5%; other faults, such as those involving combiner boxes, cables, and supports, account for 34. 8%;while inverter failures represent the smallest proportion, at 11. 6%. These findings provide valuable references for ensuring the efficient and stable operation of the PV industry.更多还原