【摘要】 施用生石灰是调控羊肚菌生产过程中土壤环境、保障羊肚菌稳产的重要措施，为明确稻-羊肚菌轮作模式中适宜生石灰施用量，本研究以六妹羊肚菌、南粳46水稻为试验对象，设置了4个处理[生石灰施用量0 kg/hm~2(C1)、375 kg/hm~2(C2)、750 kg/hm~2(C3)、1 125 kg/hm~2(C4)],分析了在羊肚菌播种前施用生石灰对羊肚菌产量、水稻产量及其构成、水稻含氮量及农田土壤肥力等指标的影响。结果表明，施用生石灰明显降低了羊肚菌受病原真菌感染的风险，C3处理的羊肚菌产量达3 385 kg/hm~2,显著高于其他处理。与未施用生石灰处理相比(C1处理),施用生石灰对水稻产量无显著影响，但高生石灰施用量(C4处理)显著降低了水稻有效穗数，而适宜的生石灰施用量(C3处理)则显著提高了水稻每穗总粒数。土壤肥力指标分析结果显示，适宜的生石灰施用量提高了土壤pH值，但高生石灰施用量(C4处理)的土壤氮素供应能力显著下降，表现为对应的水稻秸秆含氮量及土壤碱解氮含量均显著降低；施用生石灰对水稻季土壤磷含量、钾含量无显著影响。综上，在试验区域首年开展稻-羊肚菌轮作时，750 kg/hm~2是兼顾六妹羊肚菌与南粳46水稻稳产效果的生石灰建议施用量。更多还原

【Abstract】 The application of quicklime is a critical measure for regulating the soil environment and ensuring stable yields during Morchella esculenta cultivation. To determine the appropriate quicklime application rate in the rice-Morchella esculenta rotation system, this study used Morchella sextelata and the rice cultivar Nanjing 46 as test subjects. Four treatments were established based on quicklime application rates: 0 kg/hm~2(C1), 375 kg/hm~2(C2), 750 kg/hm~2(C3) and 1 125 kg/hm~2(C4). The effects of pre-sowing quicklime application on Morchella esculenta yield, rice yield and its components, rice nitrogen content, and farmland soil fertility were analyzed. The results indicated that quicklime application significantly reduced the risk of pathogenic fungal infection in Morchella esculenta. The yield under the C3 treatment reached 3 385 kg/hm~2, which was significantly higher than that of other treatments. Compared to the non-quicklime treatment(C1), the application of quicklime showed no significant impact on rice yield. A high application rate(C4 treatment) significantly reduced the number of productive panicles, whereas an appropriate rate(C3 treatment) notably increased the total grains per panicle. Ana-lysis of soil fertility indicators revealed that an appropriate quicklime application rate increased soil pH, while the high application rate(C4 treatment) significantly reduced soil nitrogen supply capacity, as evidenced by markedly decreased nitrogen content in rice straw and soil alkaline hydrolysable nitrogen. Quicklime application showed no significant effects on soil phosphorus content and potassium content during the rice season. In conclusion, for the initial year of implementing the rice-Morchella esculenta rotation in the experimental area, an application rate of 750 kg/hm~2 is recommended as it effectively balances the stable yield outcomes for both Morchella sextelata and the rice cultivar Nanjing 46.更多还原