【摘要】 与传统的固定翼飞机或直升机相比，飞行汽车在前飞时，机身各部件之间存在更为严重的气动干扰，其中尾翼构型对其气动性能影响较大。为了研究不同构型的尾翼对气动性能的影响，基于粒子的完全拉格朗日方法，对波尔兹曼方程进行求解，建立了某款飞行汽车前飞状态下流场数值模拟方法。首先对传统汽车模型进行了计算，验证了方法的科学性，然后针对不同的尾翼构型对飞行汽车全机在前飞状态下，不同迎角和偏航角时压力、力矩变化情况以及流场在机身周围变化等气动数据进行分析。结果表明：V型尾翼构型升力和阻力系数最低，并具有最好的纵向操纵性和失速特性；常规型尾翼构型升阻比最高；尾翼中垂尾的存在使其周围空气流速加快从而导致翼面压力值升高；V型和常规型尾翼构型横向稳定性弱于H型尾翼和固定尾撑构型；H型尾翼和固定尾撑的气动特性相近。更多还原

【Abstract】 Compared with conventional airplanes or helicopters, there are more serious aerodynamic disturbances among the fuselage components in forward flight of a flying car, among which the tailplane layout has a greater impact on its aerodynamic performance. In order to study the influence of different configurations of the tail on the aerodynamic performance, a numerical simulation method for the flow field of a flying car in forward flight was established based on the particle-based complete Lagrangian method to solve the Boltzmann equation. Then, the aerodynamic data such as pressure and moment changes and flow field changes around the fuselage of the flying car in forward flight with different tail configuration are analyzed. The results show that the V-tail configuration has the lowest lift and drag coefficients and the best longitudinal maneuverability and stall characteristics; the conventional tail configuration has the highest lift-to-drag ratio; the presence of the vertical tail in the tail accelerates the air flow around it and leads to higher pressure values on the airfoil; the lateral stability of the V-tail and conventional tail configurations is weaker than that of the H-tail and fixed tail configurations; the aerodynamic characteristics of the H-tail and fixed tail spar are similar.更多还原