【摘要】 推荐免试研究生制度改革是教育强国建设中一个具有牵引性的、撬动性很强的切口，流动(flowing)、涌现(emerging)、遮蔽(concealing)、重混(remixing)四个动词哲学概念彰显出当下改革方向。对“应届”这一时间性因素的分析表明，“应届”因学生的自我认知欠明确和时间压迫，降低了研究生教育系统效率，不利于第二硕士学位教育的开展、不利于劳动教育的深入而构成对学习自由和创新涌现的阻碍。对“推荐”和“接收”环节和标准的分析表明，境外高校作为组织不会推荐学生因而不利于“提升全球人才培养和集聚能力”;推荐比例在宏观和微观层面都对本科教育，特别是本科教育中创新人才培养模式改革如住宿书院、荣誉教育与荣誉学院造成不必要的困扰；推荐环节和标准阻碍了与涌现相关的学生的自由流动，浪费了教育资源。对统一考试学科笔试的分析表明，学科笔试和备考对学生创新构成遮蔽，这是对为何推免生后期创新表现优秀的深入解释。本研究建议将荣誉学士学位教育、研究生学费和学制作为推荐免试研究生制度系统改革的配套，同时建议选择物理学等基础学科作为小切口先行先试。更多还原

【Abstract】 The reform of the recommendation-based exemption system for postgraduate admissions serves as a pivotal and influential breakthrough in building China into a powerful country in education. Four verb-based philosophical concepts such as flowing, emerging, concealing, and remixing demonstrate current reform directions. An analysis of the temporal factor of "current graduating student" status reveals that vague student self-identification and time pressure associated with this status reduce the efficiency of postgraduate education system. This hinders learning freedom and emerging innovations while impeding the development of second master’s degree education and the deepening of labor education. An examination of the "recommendation" and "admission" processes demonstrates that overseas universities, as institutions, do not recommend students, thereby weakening "the capacity to cultivate and aggregate global talents". Recommendation quotas create unnecessary complications for undergraduate education at both macro and micro levels, particularly affecting innovative talent cultivation models such as residential colleges, honors education, and honors colleges. These processes also restrict student flowing/mobility related to emerging and waste educational resources. An analysis of discipline-specific written examinations in unified entrance tests indicates that such exams and exam preparation are concealing students’ creation potential, providing a philosophical explanation for why recommended students often demonstrate superior innovation capabilities in later stages. This study proposes supporting system reforms including honors bachelor’s degree programs, adjustments to postgraduate tuition fees and academic duration. It further recommends pilot reforms in foundational disciplines like physics as targeted trial initiatives.更多还原