【摘要】 目的 了解上海市闵行区排水系统中蚊虫种群结构，同时探索蚊陷Vazor防蚊水膜在排水系统中蚊虫物理防控效果。方法 使用勺舀法辅助目测法调查排水系统蚊幼虫孳生状况，使用CO₂诱蚊灯法在地面排水系统周边进行成蚊监测，使用人工小时法在地下排水系统周边进行成蚊监测，在孳生有蚊幼虫或蛹的排水系统中以1 mL/m²的用量滴加蚊陷防蚊水膜，观察并记录孳生情况。结果 在地面排水系统中蚊虫孳生率达50%。排水渠中蚊幼以白纹伊蚊为主，污水井以骚扰阿蚊为主，雨水井中白纹伊蚊和淡色库蚊的比例较为相近，地面排水系统周边的优势蚊种为白纹伊蚊；而地下排水系统中蚊虫孳生率达47%,优势蚊种为淡色库蚊（58.39%）,其次为白纹伊蚊（41.6%）,排水系统周边成蚊优势蚊种为淡色库蚊（83%）,其次为白纹伊蚊（11%）。在蚊陷Vazor防蚊水膜的使用效果方面，蚊陷Vazor防蚊水膜在地面环境和地下环境排水系统投用7 d后蚊虫孳生率分别下降至2.78%和5%,随后在21 d后出现回升，于28 d进行一次补投药后又再次回落，与使用1%双硫磷颗粒剂的标准对照组效果存在统计学差异，与不做特殊处置的空白对照组有统计学差异。结论 上海市闵行区的排水系统中，蚊虫孳生情况较严重且不同环境排水设施中优势蚊种存在差异。同时使用蚊陷Vazor防蚊水膜能有效地控制排水系统中蚊虫的孳生，尤其是在地下空间这类受雨水影响较小的场所效果更佳。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective Understanding the population structure of mosquitoes in the drainage system of Minhang District, Shanghai, and exploring the physical prevention and control technology of mosquito traps with a Vazor mosquito repellent film in the drainage system. Methods A 500 mL water spoon was used to assist in visual inspection to investigate the breeding status of mosquito larvae in the drainage system. A carbon dioxide mosquito trap method was used to monitor adult mosquitoes around the ground drainage system, and the artificial hour method was used to monitor adult mosquitoes around the underground drainage system. Mosquito-repellent film was applied at a rate of 1 mL/m~2 to the drainage system where mosquito larvae or pupae are found, and the breeding situation was observed and recorded. Results The positivity rate of mosquitoes breeding in the ground drainage system was 50%. The mosquito larvae in the drainage channels were primarily Aedes albopictus, whereas Ae. albopictus were primarily noted in the sewage wells. The proportions of Ae. albopictus and Culex pipiens pallens in the rainwater wells were similar, and the dominant mosquito species around the surface drainage system was Ae. Albopictus. The positive rate of mosquito breeding in the underground drainage system was 47%, with the dominant mosquito species being Cx. pipiens pallens(58.39%) followed by Ae. albopictus(41.6%). The dominant adult mosquito species around the drainage system were Cx. pipiens pallens(83%) followed by Ae. albopictus(11%). In terms of the effectiveness of mosquito-repellent water film, the mosquito breeding rates of the ground and underground drainage systems using mosquito-repellent water film decreased to 2.78% and 5% after 1 week of use, respectively, and then rebounded after the 3rd week. After a supplementary dose during the 5th week, the breeding rates returned to normal. No statistically significant differences were observed in the effect compared with the standard control group using 1% bisulfite granules; however, a statistically significant difference was noted compared with the blank control group without special treatment. Conclusions In the drainage system of Minhang District, Shanghai, mosquito breeding is severe, and variations exist in the dominant mosquito species in different environmental drainage facilities. The simultaneous use of mosquito-repellent films can effectively control mosquito breeding in drainage systems.更多还原