【摘要】 土壤侵蚀是导致水土流失、作物减产等问题的重要自然灾害。本研究以长三角地区重要生态屏障——新安江流域为对象，利用RUSLE模型结合GIS技术，分析了2000-2020年间流域土壤侵蚀的时空演变规律，并采用地理探测器定量分析了各驱动因素的交互作用。研究结果表明，新安江流域土壤侵蚀强度存在显著的空间差异，微度侵蚀面积占比从2000年的75.64%显著提升至2020年的90.55%,在流域内分布极为广泛；剧烈侵蚀面积占比从2000年的16.96%下降至2020年的6.44%,分布于流域中部和北部的地势起伏明显区域；其他侵蚀等级占比不高，多分布在一些局部地形变化比较明显、植被覆盖程度相对不高的区域。土地利用类型是主要驱动因素，经济发展和植被覆盖也起重要作用。驱动因素间存在增强型交互作用，表明土壤侵蚀是多种因素共同作用的结果。本研究揭示了新安江流域土壤侵蚀的时空演变特征，为流域土壤侵蚀防治提供了科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Soil erosion is an important natural disaster that leads to soil erosion, crop yield reduction, and other problems. This study focuses on the Xin’an River Basin, an important ecological barrier in the Yangtze River Delta region. Using the RUSLE model combined with GIS technology, the spatiotemporal evolution of soil erosion in the basin from 2000 to 2020 was analyzed, and the interaction of various driving factors was quantitatively analyzed using a geographic detector. The research results indicate that there are significant spatial differences in soil erosion intensity in the Xin’an River Basin, with the proportion of micro erosion area significantly increasing from 75.64% in 2000 to 90.55% in 2020, and widely distributed within the basin. The proportion of severely eroded areas decreased from 16.96% in 2000 to 6.44% in 2020, distributed in the central and northern regions of the watershed with obvious terrain fluctuations. The proportion of other erosion levels is not high, and they are mostly distributed in areas with obvious local terrain changes and relatively low vegetation coverage. Land use type is the main driving factor, while economic development and vegetation cover also play important roles. There is an enhanced interaction between driving factors, indicating that soil erosion is the result of multiple factors working together. This study reveals the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of soil erosion in the Xin’an River Basin, providing a scientific basis for soil erosion prevention and control in the basin.更多还原