【摘要】 推进新质生产力体制机制创新已成为当前高质量发展的核心要务。作为中国特色的科技体制机制创新工具，创新驱动发展、立足战略性新兴产业和因地制宜发展是科技创新试点的优势所在，与发展新质生产力的思路高度契合。然而科技创新试点能否催生新质生产力，尚缺乏系统的理论阐释与实证检验。本文立足理论分析，构建科技创新试点与新质生产力互动关系的分析框架，基于2008—2022年285个地级市的面板数据，借助双重机器学习模型，围绕新质生产力的核心特征，分析科技创新试点对新质生产力的影响。研究发现，科技创新试点能够催生新质生产力。具体而言，科技创新试点能够显著提升城市的全要素生产率，强化区域创新能力与推动战略性新兴产业发展是关键的机制路径。进一步分析表明，在地方财政支持力度较低、政府和社会对于新质生产力关注力度较高的地区，科技创新试点的政策效能更加显著；同时，科技创新试点政策部署密度较高的地区，呈现出更强的协同效应，对全要素生产率的促进作用更为突出。本文基于中国实施的典型科技创新试点政策，旨在为构建与发展新质生产力相适应的政策体系提供参考借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 Promoting institutional and policy innovation for the development of new quality productive forces has become a central imperative in achieving high-quality growth in China.As a distinctive instrument of China’s science and technology system reform, science and technology innovation pilots(STIPs)are characterised by their emphasis on innovation-driven development, focus on strategic emerging industries, and regionally adaptive implementation—features that are highly consistent with the conceptual trajectory of new quality productivity.However, whether STIPs can effectively foster new quality productive forces remains underexplored, both theoretically and empirically.This study builds an analytical framework to examine the interactive relationship between STIPs and new quality productivity, drawing on theoretical foundations and employing a double machine learning(DML)model.Using panel data from 285 prefecture-level cities in China over the period 2008-2022, and taking the core characteristics of new quality productivity as the analytical lens, the paper assesses the impact of STIPs on its development.The findings indicate that STIPs significantly contribute to the emergence of new quality productive forces.Specifically, STIPs demonstrably enhance total factor productivity(TFP)at the city level, with strengthened regional innovation capacity and the development of strategic emerging industries serving as the key transmission mechanisms.Further analysis reveals that the policy effectiveness of STIPs is more pronounced in regions with limited fiscal support but heightened governmental and societal attention to new quality productivity.Moreover, areas with higher policy deployment density of STIPs tend to exhibit stronger synergistic effects, resulting in more substantial improvements in TFP.Grounded in China’s representative STIP policies, this study seeks to offer both theoretical insight and practical guidance for the construction of a policy system that aligns with the development needs of new quality productive forces.更多还原