【摘要】 在全球经济数字化转型和制度竞争深化的双重变局下，制度协同创新已成为驱动生产力跨越式发展的战略支点。本文以2009—2022年中国281个地级市为研究样本，基于国家自主创新示范区和自由贸易试验区试点政策的准自然实验，利用多期双重差分模型检验“创新—开放”政策组合与新质生产力的内在关联。研究结果表明：“创新—开放”政策组合能够赋能新质生产力发展，在大型城市、非资源型城市和非老工业基地城市的赋能作用更强，创业驱动效应和绿色创新效应是其赋能的关键机制。政策效果比较分析发现，“创新—开放”政策组合在发挥各单一政策效应的基础上，能够发挥相互强化的政策协同效应，政策组合效应受政策实施顺序影响，先设立国家自创区再设立自贸试验区的城市新质生产力提升效果更好，反映了国家自创区试点政策在“创新—开放”政策组合赋能新质生产力发展中的重要奠基作用。本文为构建创新与开放深度耦合的新型治理体系、催生新质生产力提供了经验证据和政策参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Against the backdrop of the dual changes of digital transformation of the global economy and deepening institutional competition, institutional co-innovation has become a strategic fulcrum to drive the leapfrog development of productivity. In this article, based on a quasi-natural experiment of the pilot policies of National Independent Innovation Demonstration Zones(NIIDZs) and Pilot Free Trade Zones(PFTZs) in 281 prefectural-level cities in China from 2009-2022, we utilize a multi-period difference-in-differences model to test the intrinsic association between the ‘innovation-openness’ policy mix and the new-quality productive forces. The results of the study show that the ‘innovation-openness’ policy mix can empower the development of new-quality productive forces, which is stronger in large cities, non-resource cities and non-old industrial base cities, with entrepreneurship-driven effect and green innovation effect as the key mechanisms of empowerment. Comparative analysis of policy effects reveals that the ‘innovation-openness’ policy mix can exert mutually reinforcing policy synergies on the basis of exerting the effects of each single policy, and that the effects of the policy mix are affected by the order of policy implementation, with cities that set up NIIDZs and then PFTZs having better results in enhancing the development of new-quality productive forces, reflecting the important role of the NIIDZs s as a foundation in the development of new-quality productive forces empowered by the ‘innovation-openness’. This article provides empirical evidence and policy references for the construction of a new governance system that deeply couples innovation and openness and promotes new-quality productive forces.更多还原