【摘要】 文章基于2010—2021年中国30个省域的面板数据，运用空间杜宾模型检验了交通基础设施对城乡收入差距的直接效应和空间溢出效应，并利用中介效应模型进一步揭示了交通基础设施通过产业结构升级对城乡收入差距的作用路径。结果表明：(1)交通基础设施水平逐年上升，城乡收入差距逐年缩小，且二者均具有正向的空间相关性；(2)交通基础设施对城乡收入差距有着显著的影响，其直接效应、间接效应和总效应均显著为负，说明交通基础设施可以推动城乡收入差距的缩小，并对周边地区产生明显的空间溢出效应；(3)产业结构升级在交通基础设施对城乡收入差距的影响中存在部分中介效应，其中介效应占比为38.27%，说明交通基础设施可以通过提升产业结构水平起到缩小城乡收入差距的作用。研究认为，要充分发挥交通基础设施对城乡收入差距的缩小效应，不仅需要推动产业结构升级，同时也需要加强相邻地区间的协同合作。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the panel data of 30 provincial-level regions from 2010 to 2021, this article uses the spatial Durbin model to test the direct effect and spatial spillover effect of transportation infrastructure on the urban-rural income gap,and the mediating effect model to further reveal the effect path of transportation infrastructure on the urban-rural income gap through industrial structure upgrading. The results show that: 1) The level of transportation infrastructure is increasing year by year, and the income gap between urban and rural areas is narrowing year by year, and both have a positive spatial correlation. 2) Transportation infrastructure has a significant impact on the urban-rural income gap, and its direct, indirect and total effects are significantly negative, which indicates that transportation infrastructure can promote the narrowing of the urban-rural income gap and has obvious spatial spillover effects on the surrounding areas. 3) The industrial structure upgrading has a partial mediating effect on the impact of transportation infrastructure on the urbanrural income gap, and its mediating effect accounts for 38.27%, which indicates that transportation infrastructure can play a role in narrowing the urban-rural income gap by improving the level of industrial structure. Therefore, in order to give full play to the effect of transportation infrastructure on narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas, it is not only necessary to promote the upgrading of industrial structure, but also to strengthen the synergy and cooperation between neighboring regions.更多还原