【摘要】 光纤弯曲会产生损耗、降低传感信号强度，在极端情况下甚至会导致传感信号的消失。抗弯曲光纤因其不受弯曲损耗影响，能保持良好的传感性能，成为分布式光纤传感领域的研究热点。以弯曲不敏感光纤和光子晶体光纤为例，分析抗弯曲光纤的基本结构与特点；对近年来抗弯曲光纤的设计及其在分布式传感中的应用进行探讨，得出弯曲不敏感光纤与光子晶体光纤能够达到的最小弯曲半径均为1 mm,在1 550 nm附近的工作波长下损耗值小于0.2 dB;最后指出抗弯曲光纤的前沿应用领域及未来研究方向，在抗弯曲的基础上兼顾大模场面积、长距离传感、高精度以及多参量检测等。更多还原

【Abstract】 The bending of optical fibers can cause loss, reduce the intensity of sensing signals, and, in extreme cases, even lead to the disappearance of sensing signals. Bend-insensitive optical fibers, which are unaffected by bending loss and maintain excellent sensing performance, have become a research hotspot in the field of distributed optical fiber sensing. This paper analyzes the basic structure and characteristics of bend-insensitive optical fibers and photonic crystal fibers as examples. It discusses the recent designs of bend-insensitive optical fibers and their applications in distributed sensing. Current research shows that both bend-insensitive optical fibers and photonic crystal fibers can achieve a minimum bending radius of 1 mm, with a loss of less than 0.2 dB at an operating wavelength near 1 550 nm. Finally, the paper highlights the frontier applications and future research directions of bend-insensitive optical fibers, emphasizing the need to balance bend resistance with large mode field area, long-distance sensing, high precision, and multi-parameter detection.更多还原