【摘要】 针对海洋研究中对流速和温度高灵敏度测量的需求，提出一种漏斗形法布里-珀罗光纤传感器，该传感器由铝合金膜片和光纤组合而成。该传感器通过海水流速压力引起的铝合金形变以及热膨胀效应来改变法布里-珀罗干涉仪腔长，进而使干涉光谱发生移动，从而实现海水流速和温度的同时测量。通过理论推导和有限元仿真获得流速灵敏度和温度灵敏度。搭建流速和温度测量系统，完成海水流速和温度的同时测量。在流速为0.45 m/s时，最大流速灵敏度为-20.13 nm/（m/s），与理论灵敏度平均相对误差为4.12%，温度灵敏度为10.34 nm/℃，与理论灵敏度平均相对误差为4.54%。采用灵敏度矩阵双参数解调方法对10组不同海水流速和温度进行了测量，并与声学多普勒流速仪（ADV）和温盐深仪（CTD）的测试结果进行了比较，流速和温度测试结果的平均相对误差分别为6.07%和4.20%。因此，漏斗形法布里-珀罗光纤传感器具有高灵敏度和双参数同时测量的能力，有望在海洋测量领域发挥重要作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 A funnel-shaped Fabry-Perot fiber optic sensor is proposed to satisfy the demand for high-sensitivity measurement of flow velocity and temperature in ocean research. The sensor consists of an aluminum alloy membrane and optical fibers. It detects changes in the cavity length of the Fabry-Perot interferometer based on the deformation and thermal expansion effects of aluminum alloy, which are induced by seawater flow velocity and pressure. These changes shift the interference spectrum, facilitating simultaneous seawater flow velocity and temperature measurements. The flow velocity and temperature sensitivities were obtained through theoretical derivation and finite element simulation. A measurement system was constructed to assess the seawater flow velocity and temperature simultaneously. At a flow velocity of 0. 45 m/s, the maximum flow velocity sensitivity reaches-20. 13 nm/(m/s), with an average relative error of 4. 12% compared to the theoretical sensitivity. The temperature sensitivity is obtained as 10. 34 nm/℃, with an average relative error of 4. 54% relative to the theoretical sensitivity. A sensitivity matrix dual-parameter demodulation method was employed to measure 10 different seawater flow velocities and temperatures. The results were compared with the measurements obtained via an acoustic Doppler current meter(ADV) and temperature salinity depth meter(CTD). The average relative errors for flow velocity and temperature measurements are 6. 07% and 4. 20%, respectively. These findings demonstrate that the funnel-shaped Fabry-Perot fiber optic sensor exhibits high sensitivity and can perform dualparameter measurements. Thus, it is expected to play a substantial role in oceanographic measurements.更多还原