【摘要】 以轴端螺旋槽机械密封为研究对象，基于试验设计、响应面模型、优化算法与计算流体力学仿真，对高速螺旋槽机械密封进行结构优化设计与性能仿真分析。建立高速螺旋槽机械密封端面流动仿真模型与结构多目标优化设计系统，探究螺旋槽设计参数之间的交互影响关系，对高速机械密封端面螺旋槽的结构方案进行优化设计。结果表明：槽堰宽比与槽坝宽比、螺旋角与槽坝宽比对泄漏率的交互影响作用大，而螺旋角与槽堰宽比以及螺旋角、槽堰宽比、槽坝宽比与槽深分别在小螺旋角与小槽深范围对泄漏率的交互影响弱；槽坝宽比与螺旋角、槽堰宽比对开启力的交互影响弱，槽深与螺旋角、槽堰宽比、槽坝宽比对开启力的交互影响复杂；高速机械密封螺旋槽优化结构参数为：螺旋角16°,槽堰宽比0.52,槽坝宽比0.47,螺旋槽深6μm,此时密封端面平均压力为3.44 MPa,额定转速20 000 r/min下的泄漏率为5.55 g/s、开启力为7.62 kN,泄漏率随着转速与压力的增大而稳定增加，开启力随着转速的增大而迅速增加，证明了其优异的流体动压结构性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taking the shaft end spiral groove mechanical seal as the research object, based on experimental design, response surface model, optimization algorithm and computational fluid dynamics simulation, the structural optimization design and performance simulation analysis of high-speed spiral groove mechanical seal were studied.The high-speed spiral groove mechanical seal end face flow simulation model and structural multi-objective optimization design system were established, the interactive influence relationship between spiral groove design parameters was explored, and the high-speed mechanical seal end face spiral groove structure was optimized.The results indicate that the interaction between the groove-ridge ratio and groove-dam ratio, spiral angle and groove-dam ratio has a significant impact on the leakage rate.However, the interaction between the spiral angle and groove-ridge ratio, groove depth and spiral angle, groove-ridge ratio, groove-dam ratio has a much weak impact on the leakage rate under the range of low spiral angles and low groove depths, respectively.The interaction between the groove-dam ratio and spiral angle, groove-ridge ratio has a weak impact on the opening force, while the interaction between the groove depth and spiral angle, groove-ridge ratio, groove-dam ratio has a complex effect on the opening force.The optimized structural parameters of the high-speed mechanical seal spiral groove are as follows: the spiral angle is 16°,the groove-ridge ratio is 0.52,the groove-dam ratio is 0.47,and the groove depth is 6 μm.The average pressure on the sealing end face is 3.44 MPa, the leakage rate is 5.55 g/s, and the opening force is 7.62 kN at the rated speed of 20 000 r/min.The leakage rate increases steadily with the increase of speed and pressure, while the opening force increases rapidly with the increase of speed, proving its excellent fluid dynamic pressure structural performance.更多还原