【摘要】 康德期望哲学发展也应达到永久和平状态。通过理性批判而确定理论理性和实践理性的各自界限，使它们不相互越界，则我们就能消除哲学的无序争执，达到哲学的永久和平。同样，世界政治达到永久和平也是可能的，即通过实践理性批判，确定来自纯粹实践理性的先天的法权原则，并要求世界各国都遵守国内法权、国际法权和世界公民法权，就既要让战争状态促使人类的自然禀赋得到活跃的发展，又要把它约束在法权原则即他提出的确定条款和临时条款之下，同时还需要两条附属条款即大自然机械作用的保障条款和作为秘密条款的对道德的政治家的期望，才能实现世界的永久和平。但是在现实中，我们只能努力行进在不断接近永久和平的途中。这体现了康德高远的理论雄心和政治抱负。更多还原

【Abstract】 Kant hoped that the development of philosophy should reach a state of perpetual peace. By determining the respective boundaries of theoretical reason and practical reason through the critique of reason, preventing them from overstepping each other, we can eliminate the chaotic disputes in philosophy and achieve perpetual peace in philosophy. Similarly, it is also possible for world politics to achieve perpetual peace, which requires determining the a priori principles of right derived from pure practical reason through the critique of practical reason, and demanding that all nations of the world adhere to domestic rights, international rights, and cosmopolitan rights. This involves both allowing the state of war to stimulate the active development of human being’s natural endowments and constraining it under the principles of right—the definitive and provisional articles he proposed. Additionally, two supplementary clauses are needed: the guarantee clause of nature’s mechanical operation and the secret clause of the expectation for moral statesmen. Only then can world perpetual peace be realized. However, in reality, we can only strive to move forward on the path of continuously approaching perpetual peace. This reflects Kant’s lofty theoretical ambition and political aspirations.更多还原