【摘要】 为加强海水养殖生态环境监管，中国、美国、日本、加拿大、泰国等水产养殖大国和欧盟等国际组织都制定了相应的海水养殖排放标准。本文综述了国内外海水养殖尾水排放标准研究进展，梳理了我国行业及地方海水养殖尾水排放要求，并从标准分级、控制项和排放限值3个方面对比分析了国内外海水养殖尾水排放标准。研究发现，国外养殖尾水排放标准不涉及分级的情况，国内外标准控制项有所差异，其中悬浮物是各国共性控制指标，国内各控制项二级标准限制均比国外标准宽松。本研究结合当前我国海水养殖尾水排放现状，提出关于大力推进绿色健康水产养殖技术，推动规模化、设施化、装备化养殖；健全海水养殖尾水排放监管业务体系，推动在线监测、大数据监管等技术应用；研发新型高效海水养殖尾水处理技术等相关建议，以期为我国海水养殖尾水排放管理提供参考借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 To strengthen the ecological environment supervision of marine aquaculture, China, the United States, Japan, Canada, Thailand and other international organizations such as European Union have issued discharge standard of tailwater for mariculture. This paper reviews the progress of discharge standard of tailwater for mariculture, outlines the discharge requirements for industry and local mariculture tailwater in China, and compares and analyzes the discharge standards for mariculture tailwater from three aspects,including standard classification, control items, and discharge limits. The foreign standards for the discharge of aquaculture tail water do not involve grading, there are differences in the control items of the domestic and international standards, in which suspended solids are common control items, and the limitations of the secondary standards for each control item in abroad are stricter than those in China. Furthermore, based on the current situation of mariculture tailwater discharge in China, putting forward a series of proposals aimed at promoting green and healthy aquaculture technology, facilitating large-scale, facility-based and equipmentbased aquaculture, regulating the discharge of mariculture tail water through the implementation of business systems, promoting the application of technologies such as online monitoring and big data regulation, and conducting research and development activities to advance the field of mariculture tail water treatment technologies, in order to provide certain reference opinions for the management and standard formulation of mariculture tailwater discharge in China.更多还原